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The BIG idea: All living things are made up of cells Key Concepts:

Unit 1: Cells and Heredity Chapter 1: The Cell Chapter 2: How Cells Function Chapter 3: Cell Division Chapter 4: Patterns of Heredity. The BIG idea: All living things are made up of cells Key Concepts: 1.1: The cell is the basic unit of living things

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The BIG idea: All living things are made up of cells Key Concepts:

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  1. Unit 1: Cells and HeredityChapter 1: The CellChapter 2: How Cells FunctionChapter 3: Cell DivisionChapter 4: Patterns of Heredity The BIG idea: All living things are made up of cells Key Concepts: 1.1: The cell is the basic unit of living things 1.2: Microscopes allow us to see inside the cell 1.3: Different cells perform various functions *** TAKE NOTES!!!***

  2. 1.2 Microscopic Cells

  3. Warm Up Questions • All organisms are multicellular? • The cell theory says the cell is the basic unit of life (T/F). • Which is larger: bacteria or animal cell? • How many bacteria cells fit across a dime? • Do you think a real dime has bacteria on it?

  4. Review • All organisms are multicellular? • Some are • The cell theory says the cell is the basic unit of life (T/F). • True • Which is larger: bacteria or animal cell? • Animal • How many bacteria cells fit across a dime? • 17,000 • Do you think a real dime has bacteria on it? • Bacteria is everywhere! http://www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/scientificmethod.html

  5. Cells are small!

  6. Cells are small! • Unit of Measure: mm = micrometer • 1 mm = 10-9 m = one millionth of a meter • Cell size ranger ~1 mm to 1000 mm • 17,000 bacteria cells to reach across a dime

  7. Microscopes • What is the difference between light and electron microscopes? • Light Microscope • Bends light to make objects appear bigger than they are • Can observe living things • Limited to > 0.2 mm • Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) • As small as 0.002 mm • Cannot view live specimens

  8. Electron Microscopes • Scanning Electron Microscope • Cell sample is coated in a heavy metal, electrons are sent towards the cell, the electrons bounce back, are detected, and a 3-D image of the surface is produced. • Transmission Electron Microscope • Cell is sliced extremely thin • Electrons pass through a section • Images appear 2-D

  9. Light Microscope vs SEM

  10. Cells • All cells have a cell membrane and cytoplasm • Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic • Euk: genetic material stored in the nucleus • Most multicellular • Prok: stored in cytoplasm (no membrane) • Most unicellular

  11. Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell

  12. Plant vs Animal Cells • Eukaryotic cells • Two main compartments: nucleus and cytoplasm. • Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplast, centralvacuole, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, vesicles, mitochondrion, cell membrane • Animal cells have lysosomes, nucleus, endoplasmic retilum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, vesticles, mitochondrion, cell membrane

  13. Cell Organelles • Cell Wall: protects and supports the cell • Ribosomes: gather materials a cell needs to build important molecules called proteins • Chloroplasts: where sunlight is used to make sugar (Photosynthesis!) • Mitochondria: organelles that use oxygen to process food for energy

  14. Process and Transport • In the cytoplasm…starting materials: • Endoplasmic reticulum • processes materials it gets from ribosomes to manufacture proteins and parts of the cell membrane • Also involved in transport: vesicles transport processed material to Golgi apparatus • Golgi Apparatus: pancake like. Finishes processing materials from endoplasmic reticulum.

  15. Storage, Recycling, and Waste • Vacuoles • Can hold water, waste, and other materials. • Plant: Large central vacuole to store water, etc. • Animal cells do not have central vacuole. • Have lysosomes which are vacuoles that contain chemicals that break down materials

  16. We will design a giant cell mural for the wall using the organelle/city drawings. Cool Resource: http://www.cellsalive.com/

  17. Math in Science p.25 • To write a number in scientific notation: • Put the decimal after the first digit and drop the zeroes. • In the number 123,000,000,000 The coefficient will be 1.23 • To find the exponent count the number of places from the decimal to the end of the number. • In 123,000,000,000 there are 11 places. Therefore we write 123,000,000,000 as:

  18. Math in Science p.25 1) An oxygen atom measure 14/100,000,000,000 of a meter across. Write the width of the oxygen atom in standard form as a decimal number 0.00000000014 2) Write the width of the oxygen atoms in scientific notation 1.4 x 10-10m

  19. Math in Science… 3) A chloroplast measure 5 millionths of a meter across. Write its width in standard form and in scientific notation 4)A redwood tree stands 100 meter tall. There are 1000 millimeters in a meter. Express the height of the redwood tree in millimeters. Write the number in scientific notation. 5) A typical plant cell measures 1 millionth of a meter in width. Express the width in standard form and in scientific notation

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