IL-6 Signaling Pathway

1. IL-6 Signaling Pathway Adipose tissue has long been thought to be just a “warehouse” for storing lipids since it has been found that fat cells secrete certain cytokines and hormones which play an important role in adipose tissue itself and other organ tissues. It is recognized that adipose tissue is not only a place to store fat, but also an important endocrine tissue. Adipose tissue plays an important role in maintaining energy and cardiovascular homeostasis, glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, and is closely linked to obesity, diabetes, and their complications. White adipose tissue (WAT) is now widely thought to secrete many peptide hormones and cytokines such as leptin, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), acylation stimulation Protein (ASP), angiotensinogen, adipsin, adiponectin and resistin. The vasoactive hormones and factors secreted by fat cells are collectively referred to as adipocytokine. Interleukin 1, interleukin 6, interleukin 8 and interleukin 10 are important adipocytokines. IL-6 is a strong inducer of C-reactive protein synthesis in the liver. Increased levels of IL-6 in plasma can increase the level of C-reactive protein, which can cause blood clotting on the surface of the vascular endothelium. IL-6 binds to its soluble receptor to induce endothelial expression of monocyte chemotactic proteins and various adhesion molecules, stimulate leukocyte agglutination and damage endothelial cells. In addition, elevated IL-6 levels also promote the release of TNF- α macrophages, aggravating damage to vascular endothelial cells. IL-6 is also involved in the metabolism of fat and glucose, which promotes lipolysis and free fatty acid release, increases liver triglycerides, and causes insulin resistance. Recombinant IL-6 is used in both rodents and humans to cause hyperglycemia and high insulin blood. However, there is no report on the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism by inhibiting IL-6. Because the immune regulatory function of IL-6 is very important, correcting abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism by inhibiting IL-6 may cause other adverse reactions in patients, and it is not worth the candle. from https://www.creative-diagnostics.com/il-6-signaling-pathway.htm