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Fatty acid composition of diet, cord blood and breast milk in Chinese mothers with different dietary habits

Fatty acid composition of diet, cord blood and breast milk in Chinese mothers with different dietary habits . Tingting Zhou , MD Peining Liu , MD . Yongmei Peng, MD, MPH Qing Wang, MD. R Zetterström, MD . B Strandvik , MD. Children's Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai

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Fatty acid composition of diet, cord blood and breast milk in Chinese mothers with different dietary habits

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  1. Fatty acid composition of diet, cord blood and breast milk in Chinese mothers with different dietary habits Tingting Zhou, MD Peining Liu, MD Yongmei Peng, MD, MPH Qing Wang, MD R Zetterström, MD B Strandvik, MD Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Women and Children Health Care Centre of Changzhou Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Sweden Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Sweden

  2. What is Omega-3 fatty acids unsaturated fatty acids saturated fatty acids polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) Monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFAs) ω-6 PUFAs ω-3 PUFAs AA GLA α-Linolenic Acid (18:3ω3) ALA Eicosapentaenoic Acid (20:5 ω3) EPA Docosahexaenoic Acid(22:6 ω3) DHA

  3. Background • Brain development is most active • at the end of pregnancy • and during the first postnatal months • A surge of EFA, and LCPUFAs, to the fetus over the placenta during the last trimester • Postnatally, breast milk(BM) is the source of the LCPUFAs in exclusively breast fed infants

  4. Background • In newbaby, sufficient amounts • ofDHA are essential for development of neuronal tissue and visual function • and of AA for optimal growth • The fatty acid (FA) composition of BM varies with • the nutritional intake of the mothers, • especially the quality of the fat. DHA,22:6 3

  5. Background • The BM in Hong Kong and Chongqing had different FA profiles due to different dietary habits and life-style • In rural of northern China： • the intake of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 ω6) > α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 3) and ω-3 • the ratio of ω-6/ ω-3 (19:1)was higher than other country

  6. Background • Human and animal studies show that • maternal dietary FA intakes may influence the FA profiles of cord blood and fetal tissues Amusquivar E, Biol Neonate. 2003;83(2):136-45. De Vriese SR, PLEFA. 2002 ;67(6):389-96. • During the first postnatal weeks • neonates do not seem to synthesize sufficient amounts of LC-PUFAs from their precursors (LA and ALA) • Can not to satisfy their high needs Salem NJ, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996;93(1):49-54.

  7. Objectives • To help untangle the influence of two different dietary patterns on • maternal fatty acid intake • the composition of umbilical cord blood • transitional breast milk • To analyze the related factors on the composition of LC-PUFAs in • the BM • and the paired infants’ plasma PLs

  8. Subjects mother-term infant pairs Ocean area (Wenzhou) Traditional chinese food area (Changzhou) 7-day forward dietary record during the last trimester recruited subjects before delivery Follow-up to 42days Day 5, day 42 breast milk Day 0、5、42 infant’s blood

  9. Data Collection • Breast milkwas manually expressed into a plastic vial • Cord bloodwas obtained after the umbilical cord had been cut • Blood samples( infants) were obtained at day 5 and day 42 by venipuncture

  10. Fatty acid analysis Extract The lipids were extracted with chloroform-methanol FractionateThe phospholipids(PLs) from plasma were fractionated on a single SEP-PAK aminopropyl cartridge Separate by capillary gas-liquid chromatography

  11. Statistical Analysis • Mann-Whitney´s U testwas used to calculate • the differences of FA between dietary, cord blood and breast milk samples. • Spearman correlation testwas used for analyses of • associations between dietary intake and FA composition

  12. Subjects at Baseline

  13. Food comparison of the two types of dietary area ＊ Food (g) ＊ ＊＊ ＊＊ ＊＊ (g) Dairy Cereal Comestic Fresh-water food Sea food Oil

  14. Fatty acid comparison of food in two types area Fatty acid (g)

  15. EPA and DHA in food and milk ** Fatty acid (g) ** ** ** ** dietary d5milk d42milk

  16. The change of blood DHA Fatty acid % Cord D5 blood D42 blood

  17. ω-3 Fatty acid % Cord D5 blood D42 blood

  18. ω-6 Fatty acid % Cord D5 blood D42 blood 脂肪酸类别

  19. ω-6/ω-3 ratio Fatty acid % Cord D5 blood D42 blood

  20. Relation of ALA in BM and in the plasma PLs of the infants at d 5 (r=0.39, p<0.01) and d 42 (r=0.55, p<0.001)

  21. Relation of docosahexaenoic acid in BM and in the plasma PLs of the infants at d 5 ( r=0.30, p<0.05) and d 42 (r=0.48, p<0.001).

  22. Relation of linolic acid in BM and in the plasma PLs of the infants at d 42(r=0.49, p<0.001)

  23. Relation of in arachidonic acid in BM and in the plasma PLs of the infants at d 42 (n=45, r=0.48, p<0.001).

  24. Implications • There were significant differences in maternal intakes of FA confirming different dietary habits, • which influenced the FA composition of cord plasma phospholipids and transitional breast milk. • Since FA influence gene expression , it implies that the long-term follow up of this cohort will be interesting • Mothers’ milk in Changzhou, had a ratio of ω-6/ω-3 around15, similar to rural area, north of Beijing in China, the ratio was 19.3 • the supply to the foetus and newborn of these FA depends on the dietary intake and the mother’s storage

  25. 复旦大学附属儿科医院 (新址) 谢谢! Thanks

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