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Children with autism spectrum disorder: Siblings, BEHAVIORS, Parental Stress, Coping, and Supports

Children with autism spectrum disorder: Siblings, BEHAVIORS, Parental Stress, Coping, and Supports . Heather Hall, Ph.D., RNC, NNP-BC Carolyn Graff, Ph.D., RN, FAAIDD. Objectives.

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Children with autism spectrum disorder: Siblings, BEHAVIORS, Parental Stress, Coping, and Supports

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  1. Children with autism spectrum disorder: Siblings, BEHAVIORS, Parental Stress, Coping, and Supports Heather Hall, Ph.D., RNC, NNP-BC Carolyn Graff, Ph.D., RN, FAAIDD

  2. Objectives • Report the associations among the behaviors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in families of children with ASD who have siblings in various age groups. • Interpret the associations among parental stress and coping patterns in families of children with ASD who have siblings in various age groups. • Examine the associations among the supports for families of children with ASD who have siblings in various age groups.

  3. Significance • Chronic disability with no cure (CDC, 2010) • Estimated 1.5 million people are affected (CDC, 2010) • Lifetime cost of $3.2 million to care for child (Ganz, 2007) • Additional costs to families (Hall & Graff, 2010)

  4. Background • Siblings of children with autism may have difficulties (Petalas, Hastings, Nash, Lloyd, & Dowey, 2009) • Families need additional support(Hall & Graff, 2010; Hall & Graff, 2011) • Parents are stressed (Hall & Graff, 2010; Hall & Graff, 2011) • Coping styles vary between mothers and fathers (Hall & Graff, 2010; Hall & Graff, 2011)

  5. Methods • Secondary analysis conducted from original data of a correlational study (Hall & Graff, 2011) • Instrumentation: • Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition (Sparrow, Cicchetti, & Balla, 2005) • Family Support Scale (Dunst, Jenkins, & Trivette, 1984) • Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (Abidin, 1995) • Coping Health Inventory for Parents (McCubbin, McCubbin, Nevin, & Cauble, 1981)

  6. Results • Infants/Toddlers (0-3) • Family Support • Preschool (3-5) • Adaptive and Maladaptive Behaviors • Family Support • School-Age (6-12) • Adaptive Behaviors • Family Support • Adolescence (11-14) • Family Support • Adolescence (15-17) • Coping • Family Support • Adolescence (18-20) • Adaptive Behaviors • Family Support

  7. Conclusion and Implications • Families need support • Family system approach • Coping strategies are necessary • Consider ages of children in the family

  8. Objectives • Report the associations among the behaviors of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in families of children with ASD who have siblings in various age groups. • Interpret the associations among parental stress and coping patterns in families of children with ASD who have siblings in various age groups. • Examine the associations among the supports for families of children with ASD who have siblings in various age groups.

  9. References • Abidin, R. R. (1995). Parenting stress index (3rd ed.). Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc. • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2010). Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html • Dunst, C. J., Jenkins, V., & Trivette, C. (1984). Family support scale: Reliability and validity. Journal of Individual, Family, and Community Wellness, 1(4), 45-52. • Ganz, M. L. (2007). The lifetime distribution of the incremental societal costs of autism. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 161(4), 343-349. Retrieved from http://archpedi.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/full/161/4/343 • Hall, H. R., & Graff, J. C. (2010). Parenting challenges in families of children with autism: A pilot study. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 33(4), 187-204. doi: 10.3109/01460862.2010.528644 • Hall, H. R., & Graff, J. C. (2011). The relationships among adaptive behaviors of children with autism, family support, parenting stress and coping. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 34(1), 4-25. doi: 10.3109/01460862.2011.555270 • McCubbin, H. I., McCubbin, M. A., Nevin, R., & Cauble, E. (1981). Coping Health Inventory for Parents (CHIP). In H. I. McCubbin, A. I. Thompson, & M. A. McCubbin (Eds.). Family assessment: Resiliency, coping, and adaptation-Inventories for research and practice. (pp. 407-453). Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin System. • Petalas, M. A., Hastings, R. P., Nash, S., Lloyd, T, & Dowey, A. (2009). Emotional and behavioural adjustment in siblings of children with intellectual disability with and without autism. Autism, 13(5), 471-483. doi: 10.1177/1362361309335721 • Sparrow, S. S., Cicchetti, D. V., & Balla, D. A. (2005). Vineland adaptive behavior scales: Survey forms manual (2nd ed.). Minneapolis, MN: NCS Pearson, Inc.

  10. Contact Information Heather Hall, Ph.D., RNC, NNP-BC Associate Professor University of South Alabama College of Nursing heatherhall@usouthal.edu

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