Chapter 14 The Ocean Floor

1. Chapter 14 The Ocean Floor • 71% of Earth’s surface is ocean. • Oceanography = the study of the world ocean • World Ocean is divided into… • Pacific • Atlantic • Indian • Arctic (north) Age of the Ocean Floor

2. Mapping the Ocean Floor: Bathymetry = measurement of the ocean depths and charting of the shape or topography of the ocean floor. Los Angeles, CA

3. HMS Challenger = 1872-1876 voyage to map ocean floor

4. Sonar = SoundNavigationAndRanging Transmits sound waves which bounce off ocean floor. Time it takes for the waves to return to the ship tells distance (depth) traveled. Flash: Ocean Floor Sonar

5. Sonar … Using a back and forth motion across the ocean to map the ocean floor is called “mowing the lawn.”

6. Satellites and the Ocean Floor Measuring the ocean floor from space. Google Earth Ocean http://www.pcadvisor.co.uk/tv/index.cfm?&caid=8&vid=110446

7. Submersibles = vehicles that are capable of going underwater 1st Submersible William Beebe in his “bathysphere.” Piccard’s “Trieste.” “Alvin” working in the Marianas Trench..” “Sea Cliff II” working in the Marianas Trench..” AUV (autonomous underwater vehicle) Flash: Ocean Floor 1 Flash: Ocean Floor 2 Flash: Ocean Floor 3

8. Chapter 14.2 Ocean Floor Features Ocean Floor Regions: Continental Margins Ocean Basin Floor Mid-Ocean Ridge Pg 401 Figure 6

9. Continental Margins Continental Shelf = gently sloping submerged surface from the shoreline to the drop off.

10. Continental Margins Continental Rise = steeper and wider incline

11. Ocean Basin Floor Deep Ocean Trenches = long, narrow creases (canyons) in the ocean floor.