Unit 2 Civil -rights heroes

1. Unit 2 Civil -rights heroes

4. Slaves on sale

5. Advertisement selling the slaves Negroes on the boat transported

6. Maltreated by owner

8. Call for racial equality and freedom We refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation. And so, we've come to cash this check, a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice We can never be satisfied as long as the Negro is the victim of the unspeakable horrors of police brutality. We can never be satisfied as long as our bodies, heavy with the fatigue of travel, cannot gain lodging in the motels of the highways and the hotels of the cities. we are not satisfied, and we will not be satisfied until "justice rolls down like waters, and righteousness like a mighty stream.“ ----Martin Luther King<I have a dream >

9. when we allow freedom ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able to speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual -----Martin Luther King <I have a dream> Call for racial equality and freedom

10. A Journey From Slavery To Freedom • 1619 -- Slaves in VirginiaAfricans brought to Jamestown are the first slaves imported into Britain’s North American colonies. • 1705 -- Slaves as PropertyDescribing slaves as real estate, Virginia lawmakers allow owners to bequeath their slaves. The same law allowed masters to “kill and destroy” runaways. • 1775 -- American Revolution BeginsBattles at the Massachusetts towns of Lexington and Concord on April 19 spark the war for American independence from Britain.

11. A Journey From Slavery To Freedom • 1776 -- Declaration of IndependenceThe Continental Congress asserts “that these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States”. • 1783 -- American Revolution EndsBritain and the infant United States sign the Peace of Paris treaty. • 1808 -- United States Bans Slave TradeImporting African slaves is outlawed, but smuggling continues. • 1860 -- Abraham Lincoln ElectedAbraham Lincoln of Illinois becomes the first Republican to win the United States Presidency.

12. A Journey From Slavery To Freedom • 1861~1865 -- United States Civil WarFour years of brutal conflict claim 623,000 lives. • 1863 -- Emancipation ProclamationPresident Abraham Lincoln decrees that all slaves in Rebel territory are free on January 1, 1863. • 1865 -- Slavery AbolishedThe 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution outlaws slavery.

13. Thestart of The Civil Rights Movement

14. We hold these truths to be self-evident that all men are created equal --Declaration of Independence But as a matter of fact 。。。。

15. Before 1955 Blacks must : Sit at the back of buses or trolleybuses Drink from a particular fountain for blacks only Eat in a special part of a restaurant Go to special schools for blacks Go to a black University for a higher education Take jobs with lower pay than whites

16. So How would you feel if you had these restrictions in your life? fighting

17. The start of the Civil Rights Movement The bus boycott The Montgomery Bus Boycott officially started on December 1, 1955. That was the day when the blacks of Montgomery, Alabama, decided that they would boycott the city buses until they could sit anywhere they wanted, instead of being relegated to the back when a white boarded.

18. Rosa Parks is probably the most romanticized personage in the Montgomery cast of characters. She is often portrayed as a simple seamstress who, exhausted after a long day at work, refused to give up her seat to a white person.

19. On Thursday, December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks boarded a city bus and sat with three other blacks in the fifth row, the first row that blacks could occupy. so the bus driver asked all four of the blacks seated in the fifth row to move. Three complied, but Parks refused. She was arrested.

21. Whites tried to end the boycott in every way possible. One often-used method was to try to divide the black community Next,whites turned to the law But blacks had already begun to fight to end the boycott in court.

22. The lasting legacy of the boycott, as Roberta Wright wrote, was that "It helped to launch a 10-year national struggle for freedom and justice, the Civil Rights Movement, that stimulated others to do the same at home and abroad."

23. How much do you know about “underground railroad” in USA history?

24. "The Underground Railroad is an important, yet not widely known, part of American history." • "It speaks of the struggle of African-Americans to achieve their freedom, but it also speaks of cooperation in protesting something that was perceived to be wrong even though it was legal at the time." --Diane Miller

25. The Underground Railroad 1. General Information The Underground Railroad was not underground. Because escaping slaves and the people who helped them were technically breaking the law, they had to stay out of sight. In fact, The Underground Railroad is a secret system used in the US before the Civil War for helping thousands of slaves to escape to the free northern states or Canada. They went “underground” in terms of concealing their actions. Sometimes they even hid in unusual places.

26. The Underground Railroad Many clever and creative ideas helped slaves during their escape. When abolitionist (废奴主义者) John Fairfield needed to sneak (偷偷摸摸地进行) 28 slaves over the roads near Cincinnati, he hired a hearse (灵车) and disguised the group as a funeral procession. Henry “Box” Brown, a slave, had himself shipped from Richmond to Philadelphia in a wooden box.

27. 2. Routes to Freedom The routes the slaves traveled appear in this map. The trip is 560 miles (900 kilometers) long. A strong, lucky runaway might have made it to freedom in two months. For others, especially in bad weather, the trek (跋涉) might have lasted a year.

28. BR3.3_2__popwin_in this map

30. B0OKS ABOUT THE UNDERGROUND RAILROAD: • Allen Jay and the Underground Railroad by Marlene Targ Brill • Dear Austin: Letters from the Underground Railroad by Elvira Woodruff • The Drinking Gourd by F.N. Monro • Escape from Slavery: Five Journeys to Freedom by Doreen Rappaport • Go Free or Die: A Story about Harriet Tubman by Jeri Ferris • Harriet Tubman: Call to Freedom by Judy Carlson • Hidden in Plain View: A Secret Story of Quilts and the Underground Railroad by Jacqueline Tobin and Raymond Dobard • Journey to Freedom; The Diary of Clotee, A Slave Girl by Courtni C. Wright • Meet Addy: an American Girl by Connie Porter • Steal Away by Jennifer Armstrong • Stealing Freedom by Elisa Carbone • True North: A Novel of the Underground Railroad by Karen Lasky

31. Freedom Fighters

32. Have you watched these movies :《Gone With The Wind》、《Forrest Gump》？Do you know the background in it? • Do you know the history Americans fought for freedom? • Do you know who the American freedom fighters are? • Let’s learn something about them~

33. In the 1820s，industrial revolution took place in  the U. S. A. In the 1860s. the American industry became the fourth in the world. The slave owners in the Southern states, who wanted to keep slavery, hindered the development of the capitalist economy. So the American Civil War broke out. Along with this,a hero was born,whose name was Abraham Lincoln. Background Of 《Gone With The Wind》

34. In 1860. Abraham Lincoln, who was on behalf of the interests of the Northern industry enterprisers, was elected president of the US and was strongly against slavery. So the southern states broke away from the Union and the American Civil War broke out. Lincoln was supported by the workers, farmers, industry enterprisers, especially black slaves and he set four million slaves free. On April l 9, 1865, the Northern army seized the capital of the South. The American Civil War was brought to an end. Unfortunately on the fifth day after the civil war, Abraham Lincoln was murdered at a theatre in Washington D. C. and died early the next morning Abraham Lincoln

35. So what about another famous freedom fighter that 《Forrest Gump》refers to? • His name is ---- • John F. Kennedy

36. John F. Kennedy &《Forrest Gump》 • In the film ,Forrest Gump was met by John F. Kennedy,another freedom fighter we are going to talk about.

37. What’s more? • What about Martin Luther King， the speaker of 《I Have A Dream》？

38. Martin Luther King

39. What do you think of the history and the narration of the stories? Summary

40. 1.Attitude to the history To summarize, text A in Unit 2 present a history that the black fought for freedom. Owing to heroes’ contribution, black slaves won their civil rights. From my

41. From individual angle….. Rice Dr. Martin Luther King

42. From historic angle….. Through this campaign, black slaves had learned “Democracy” and how to stick to their rights. Or even, it’s a good example for the people in the third-world countries. It helps them to build up an equal land in the future. But in my eyes……

43. 2.About the narration of the stories This passage can be divided into 3 parts. They each present a hero’s story about struggling freedom for blacks. Advantages in text: 1.Use Metaphor(比喻). “conductor", "station”, ”passenger” 2. Use …

44. I Have a Dream • I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal."I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.

45. I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice.I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.

46. I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream today!