Foodborne Illnesses

Foodborne Illnesses Heidi Ingalls 10th grade

Introduction • The objective of this presentation is to be able to identify certain foodborne illnesses and how to prevent them from occurring. Students will be able to answer six questions on the different illnesses at the end of the presentation. In order to pass this objective, the student must get all six questions correct.

Video • Please watch this video on foodborne illnesses before continuing on to the next slide! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bXEg-AePCgE

Salmonella • You can get salmonella by: • Food contaminated during food processing or food handling. • Food contaminated by the unwashed hands of an infected food handler, especially after using the bathroom. • May be found in the feces of some pets, especially those with diarrhea. • Reptiles, baby chicks and ducklings, and small rodents such as hamsters are particularly likely to carry salmonella. • Symptoms include diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps. • Do not eat raw, undercooked eggs, drink raw or unpasteurized milk, or cross-contaminate foods. • Do cook foods until well done, wash produce, and wash your hands! • For more on salmonella, see http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/intestinal/salmonellosis.html Go to Question #5

E.Coli Don’t eat me! I’ll make you sick! • Escherichia coli, or E.coli, normally lives in the intestines of healthy people and animals. Most varieties are harmless or cause brief diarrhea. • A few nasty strains, such as E. coli O157:H7, can cause severe abdominal cramps, bloody diarrhea, and vomiting. • You may be exposed to E. coli from contaminated water or food — especially raw vegetables and undercooked ground beef. • You can also get it by swimming in contaminated water, going to a petting zoo, and from being exposed to another person who has it. • For more information on E. coli, please click on the link below. http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/intestinal/e_coli.html Go to Question #2

Botulism • Botulism is a rare but serious condition caused by toxins from bacteria called Clostridium botulinum. • The harmful bacteria thrive and produce the toxin in environments with little oxygen, such as in canned food. • It causes difficulty swallowing or speaking, dry mouth, facial weakness, blurred or double vision, drooping eyelids, trouble breathing, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and paralysis. • Botulinum toxin has been used in small amounts to reduce facial wrinkles and for certain medical conditions, such as eyelid spasms and severe underarm sweating! • Click on the link below for more info. http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/botulism/basics/definition/con-20025875

Listeria • Listeria bacteria can be found in soil, water, or animal feces. • Humans typically are infected by consuming raw, contaminated vegetables, infected animal meat, unpasteurized milk, or certain processed contaminated foods, such as soft cheeses, hot dogs, or deli meat. • The most common symptoms are fever, muscle aches, nausea, and diarrhea, but it can spread to the nervous system, causing headaches, a stiff neck, and convulsions. • To learn more, see http://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/listeriosis-topic-overview • Go to Question #1

Campylobacter • Campylobacter is the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in the world. • It is found in most of the poultry we eat, because it exists in birds and doesn’t effect them. • It can make us sick if chicken is cooked improperly or is contaminated with raw chicken juices. • All surface areas and hands exposed to raw chicken should be washed! • It can also be killed by oxygen, and freezing seems to lower the number of bacteria found on chicken. • More info can be found at: http://kidshealth.org/parent/infections/stomach/campylobacter.html Go to Question #3

Norovirus • Noroviruses, commonly called Norwalk-like viruses, are a special kind of foodborne illness caused entirely by humans. • When your food preparer is sick with one of these viruses and goes to the bathroom but doesn’t wash his or her hands after, the illness can be transmitted to you. • You can also get it from touching surfaces with norovirus germs on them, then putting your hands in your mouth, or from direct contact with a person with the illness. • Symptoms are usually vomiting and diarrhea, abdominal pain, stomach and headaches, low fever, and tiredness. • As many as 60 percent of the American population has been exposed to one of these viruses by the age of 50, and about 180,000 are sickened every year. • WASH YOUR HANDS!!!! To learn more, see http://www.webmd.com/children/norovirus-symptoms-and-treatment Go to Question #4

Trichinosis • Trichinosis, also called trichinellosis, is a rare infection caused by eating animals infected with the larvae of a worm called trichinella. • It can be contracted by eating wild carnivorous animals or domesticated pigs. • When you eat tainted meat, the larvae or cysts of the worms are ingested, and your stomach acid dissolves the cyst, releasing the worm, which matures in a couple of days in your small intestine. The worms mate in there and the females lay eggs, which travel through the arteries into the muscles and there form cysts again. • You might get a stomachache, nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, fatigue, fever and chills, headaches, coughing, eye swelling, muscle or joint pain, itchy skin, or constipation. • Prevent it by cooking pork and wild game animals thoroughly. For more info, check out http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases- conditions/trichinosis/basics/definition/con-20027095 Go to Question #6

Quiz • Let’s take a quiz now to see how much you have learned! You will have 6 questions with 4 multiple-choice answers. Good luck!

Question #1 • What illness can occur from eating contaminated deli meat? • A) Botulism • B) Listeria • C) Campylobacter • D) Salmonella

Right! • Way to go! You got the answer right!

Question #2 • Which one is not a possible cause of E. coli? • A) Undercooked ground beef • B) A petting zoo • C) Canned food • D) Raw vegetables

Right! • Nice job! You got the correct answer!

Question #3 • What is the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in the world? • A) Norovirus • B) Campylobacter • C) Salmonella • D) E. coli

Right! • Very good! You know your stuff!

Question #4 • What is norovirus caused by? • A) Humans • B) Animals • C) The environment • D) All of the above

Right! • Excellent! You got the right answer!

Question #5 • What should you do to prevent salmonella? • A) Eat raw, undercooked eggs • B) Drink unpasteurized milk • C) Cross-contaminate foods • D) Wash hands and produce

Right! • Bravo! You got it right!

Question #6 • What infection can be contracted by eating wild carnivorous animals or domesticated pigs? • A) Salmonella • B) Trichinosis • C) Botulism • D) Listeria

Right! • Congratulations! You got it correct!

Conclusion • Great job! You have completed the quiz successfully! • I hope through this presentation you have learned how to identify certain foodborne illnesses and how to prevent them. Next week, we will be discussing viral infections.

Foodborne Illnesses