Ottawa Mandarin School Adult Class 2012-13 Instructor: Daniel C. Lee

1. Ottawa Mandarin SchoolAdult Class 2012-13Instructor: Daniel C. Lee Week 02: September 22, 2012 Pronunciation Pinyin Zhuyin

2. Review of tones • 44 12 131 • 11 23 422 • 11 24 214 • 44 11 442 • 12 24 321 • 13 12 242 • 34 21 224 • 11 34 421 • 141 434 1132 • 1111 1 13 1 • 1 2 3 4 • 4 3 2 1 • 1 3 1 3 • 3 1 3 1 • 2 4 2 4 • 4 2 4 2 • 11 11 111 • 22 22 222 • 44 44 444 • 33 33 333 (23 23 323)

3. 季姬擊雞記 Miss Ji hits chicken 季姬寂，集雞，雞即棘雞。棘雞饑嘰， 季姬及箕稷濟雞。雞既濟，躋姬笈， 季姬忌，急咭雞，雞急，繼圾幾， 季姬急，即籍箕擊雞，箕疾擊幾伎， 伎即齏，雞嘰集幾基，季姬急極屐擊雞， 雞既殛，季姬激，即記《季姬擊雞記》。

4. Review WHAT什麼 WHERE什麼地方哪裡 WHEN什麼時候 WHY為什麼 HOW 怎麼 Next week: Pronunciation (Pinyin)

5. Pronunciation發音 • Mainland Chinese uses Pinyin (拼音) based on Roman characters. • Before the Communist regime invented Pinyin, there was Zhuyin (注音), which is based on independent symbols. • Pinyin is easy for Roman-character-based foreign language users, but it has inevitable pitfalls due on the limited number of Roman characters. You will encounter • the same Roman letter pronounced in multiple ways (i, e, u, etc.) • mismatch of usual pronunciation (q, x, ch, sh, etc.)

6. Pinyin Consonants that are pronounced similarly as in English: b, p, m, f, d, t, n*, l, g, k, h j, r, s y, w Note: Not all pinyin “n” is the English n.

7. Pinyin - easily confused consonants q = chChina, Chinese, chore, chance, chicken X= sh(very flat) She, ship, sheep, sheet, shore, shoot zh = drdrive, dry, drill, draw, dream, drink ch= tr train, tragic, try, trick, tree, trouble z = tz(ds) friends, beads, stands, finds, understands c= ts students, bits, sits, loots, hates, bites

8. Pinyin - easily confused consonants sh= no such sound in English Think in line of zh (dr) and ch (tr). Let the air out without any funny vibration in your mouth.

9. 施氏食獅史 Mr. Shi eats lion 石室詩士施氏，嗜獅，誓食十獅。 施氏時時適市視獅。十時，適十獅適市。 是時，適施氏適市。氏視是十獅， 恃矢勢，使是十獅逝世。氏拾是十獅屍， 適石室。石室濕，氏使侍拭石室。 石室拭，氏始試食是十獅。食時， 始識是十獅，實十石獅屍。試釋是事。

10. Pinyin – easy vowels a = aahAh, dark, mark, bark, yard, tar, jar ai= ai* pai (), dice, like, line, nice, Einstein ao = autau(), foul, rout, about, shout an= aanAh, dark, mark, bark, yard, tar, jar ang= aang pai (), dice, like, line, nice, Einstein

11. Pinyin – easy vowels ei = ay pay, day, lay, lake, quake, fade er = er mister, eraser, later, officer, racer o= o(short) dot, mock, hot, lot, lock, fought ou = o(long)alphabat “O”

12. Pinyin – confusing vowels e = ebet, net, jet, leg, egg, let, their, messy e = e the, little, fiddle, middle, sizes, prizes en = enbitten, quicken, chicken, kitchen, fasten eng = engno such words in English Think of bitteng, quicken, chickeng, etc.

13. Pinyin – confusing vowels i = eebee, tea, deed, meat, lease, feet i = xNo such thing! u = oo(long)loose, tooth, loot, truth u/v = üNo such sound in English Common in other European languages

14. Pinyin & Zhuyin ㄅbㄆpㄇmㄈfㄉdㄊtㄋnㄌl ㄍgㄎkㄏhㄐj ㄑqㄒx ㄓzhㄔchㄕshㄖrㄗzㄘcㄙs ㄚaㄛoㄜeㄝeㄞaiㄟeiㄠaoㄡou ㄢanㄣenㄤangㄥengㄦer ㄧ(y)i ㄨ(w)u ㄩyu

15. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones b (ㄅ) ba, bai, ban, bao, bang bei, ben, beng bi, bian, biao, bie, bin, bing bo* (pronunced more similar to buo) bu

16. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones c (ㄘ) = ts ca, cai, can, cao, cang cen, ceng ci* cong cu, cui, cuo

17. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones ch (ㄔ) = tr cha, chai, chan, chao, chang che, chen, cheng chou, chong chu, chuan, chuen, chui, chuo

18. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones d (ㄉ) da, dai, dan, dao, dang de, dei, deng di, dia, dian, diao, die, diu, ding du, duan, duen, dui, duo

19. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones f (ㄈ) fa, fan, fang fei, fen, feng fo, fong fu

20. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones g (ㄍ) ga, gai, gan, gao, gang ge, gei, gen, beng gou, gong gu, gua, guan, gui, guo

21. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones h (ㄏ) ha, hai, han, hao, hang he, hei, hen, heng hou, hong hu, hua, huan, hui, huo

22. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones j (ㄐ) ji, jia, jian, jiao, jie, jiu, jin, jing jiong (in zhuyin, ㄐㄩㄥ or “juong”) jü (ㄩ, not ㄨ), juan, jue (all ü, not u)

23. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones k (ㄎ) ka, kai, kan, kao, kang ke, ken, keng kou, kong ku, kua, kuan, kui, kuo

24. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones l (ㄌ) la, lai, lan, lao, lang le, lei, leng li, lian, liao, lie, liu, lin, ling lou, long lu, luan, lue(ㄩㄝ), luo

25. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones m (ㄇ) ma, mai, man, mao, mang mei, men, meng (southern accent: mong) mi, mian, miao, mie, min, ming mo, mou mu, muo

26. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones n (ㄋ) na, nai, nan, nao, nang ne, nei, neng *ni, *nian, *niu, *ning nong nu, nuan, nuo

27. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones p (ㄆ) pa, pai, pan, pao, pang pei, pen, peng pi, pian, piao, pie, pin, ping po* (pronunced more similar to puo) pu p.s. compare p with b (the vowels that go with them are exactly identical)

28. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones q (ㄑ) = ch qi, qia, qian, qiao, qian, qiu, qin, qing qiong qü (ㄩ, not ㄨ), quan, que (all ü, not u)

29. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones r (ㄖ) ran, rao, rang re, ren, reng rou, rong ru, ruan, rui, ruo

30. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones s (ㄙ) sa, sai, san, sao, sang se, sen, seng si* sou, song su, suan, suen, sui, suo

31. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones sh (ㄕ) sha, shai, shao, shan, shang she, shei, shen, sheng shi* shou shu, shuan, shuen, shui, shuo

32. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones t (ㄊ) ta, tai, tan, tao, tang te, teng ti, tian, tiao, tie, ting tu, tuan, tuen, tui, tuo

33. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones w(v) (ㄨ) wa (wua), wai, wan, wang wei, wen (wuen), weng wo, wong wu, wui

34. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones x (ㄒ) = sh xi, xia, xian, xiao, xie, xiu, xin, xing xiong (xuong) xü (ㄩ, not ㄨ), xuan, xue (all ü, not u)

35. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones y (ㄧ) ya, yai, yao, yan, yang ye* yü, yuan, yue (all ü)

36. Drillsfor each of the consonants, practice their combos with vowels and 4 tones z (ㄗ) = tz za, zai, zan, zao, zang ze, zeng zi* zou, zong zu, zuan, zuen, zui, zuo