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MARGINS SOURCE-TO-SINK

MARGINS SOURCE-TO-SINK. S2S Program Goals S2S Focus Sites S2S TEI - Success-To-Date Community Sediment Model. SOURCE-TO-SINK (S2S) CONCEPT.

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MARGINS SOURCE-TO-SINK

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  1. MARGINS SOURCE-TO-SINK • S2S Program Goals • S2S Focus Sites • S2S TEI - Success-To-Date • Community Sediment Model

  2. SOURCE-TO-SINK (S2S) CONCEPT How do tectonics, climate, sea level fluctuations, and other forcing parameters regulate the production, transfer, and storage of sediments and solutes from their sources to their sinks? What processes initiate erosion and sediment transfer, and how are these processes linked through feedbacks? How do variations in sediment processes and fluxes and longer-term variations such as tectonics and sea level build the stratigraphic record to create a history of global change?

  3. GULF OF PAPUA FOCUS SITE

  4. Puari River SHELF EDGE SHELF EDGE Turama River PAPUA LAND Bamu River Fly River MD 42 Holocene Clinoform MD 43 MD 45 MD 44 LGM Coastline MD 34 PAPUA SHELF MD 41 Pandora Trough MD 37 Moresby Trough Portlock Reef MD 40 LGM Coastline JPC 33 MD 46 MD 38 MD 39 MD 48 Reef JPC 66 MD 49 MD 47 Boot Atoll Eastern Fields Atoll MD 31 MD 50 Barrier Ashmore Atoll MD 30 Ashmore Trough Eastern Plateau 50 km Great CORAL SEA

  5. NEW ZEALAND FOCUS SITE

  6. S2S TEI - NORTHERN CALIFORNIA September 18-22, 2006 • Rolling venue, beginning in Marin County, Ca. and ending in Eureka, Ca., with ~80 attendees (mix of professionals and grad students); • Six keynote speakers (45-60 minutes each): • Jame Syvitski (INSTAAR) - Promise of S2S • Bill Dietrich (UC-Berkeley) - Source Processes • John Milliman (VIMS) - Sediment Routing • Chuck Nittrouer (U. Washington) - Shelf Processes • Sam Bentley (Memorial U.) and Andre Droxler (Rice U.) - Slope, Deepwater and Carbonate Sedimentation • John Swenson (U. Minnesota) - S2S Teleconnections • A series of shorter (10+ minutes) thematic talks. Three to four short talks after each keynote, followed by 30-60 minutes of open discussion; • Integrated technical sessions and field trips. One day of sessions, followed by a traverse through the Eel River drainage basin, en route from Marin County to Eureka. Two days of technical sessions, plus a morning field trip to visit coastal cliff exposures of uplifted ancestral Eel River and Eel shelf strata; • Breakout group meetings to discuss successes, gaps/needs, and opportunities

  7. Sediment fluxes off the hillslope(the source)Bill Dietrich, UC-Berkeley • Issues • What is a Hillslope? • Processes • Rates • Prediction • Concluding comments Note: This is not an analysis of sediment discharge to the oceans

  8. FATE OF FLUVIAL SEDIMENTS ON SHELVES:PUTTING ACTIVE MARGINS INTO PERSPECTIVEChuck Nittrouer, University of Washington Clark Alexander Tina Drexler Brent McKee Pere Puig Mead Allison John Jaeger Beth Mullenbach Chris Sommerfield Sam Bentley Steve Kuehl Andrea Ogston Dick Sternberg John Crockett Preston Martin Cindy Palinkas JP Walsh Dave DeMaster Sediment supply: river glacier (tide water) Sediment type: siliciclastic carbonate

  9. Teleconnections in the Source-to-Sink SystemJohn Swenson, University of Minnesota Duluth Strong statistical relationship between ‘weather’ in different parts of the globeInformation propagates through the atmosphere La Nina anomalous SL pressure Long-distance propagation of allogenic forcing (e.g. sea level change) through the transport system via erosion and deposition on geologic time scales

  10. CURRENT S2S PROGRAM SUCCESSES Development of S2S as a paradigm - S2S concept has become much broader than the MARGINS Program, and now permeates academic and industrial teaching and research efforts in the US, and other countries have developed their own programs of this kind; Fostering of a community surface dynamics modeling effort - will facilitate teaching and research far beyond the MARGINS Program; S2S system knowledge-transfer - allows NSF core-program studies to succeed where they otherwise wouldn’t even have been conceived; Collection and archiving of large comprehensive datasets - now available to the entire community at http://www.marine-geo.org/margins/ Education of graduate students - new techniques and broader scientific concepts in a learning environment of diverse researchers; Recognition that timing of river & ocean events is fundamental - critical to understanding margin sediment dynamics and dispersal processes; Refinement of Historic and Holocene sediment budgets - budgets emerging for both focus sites, at least in a gross anatomical sense;

  11. SEDIMENT DISPERSAL SYSTEMS: SOURCE-TO-SINK

  12. Sediment Budget Using 210Pb Accumulation Rates 38% of sediment preserved on shelf

  13. Modern sedimentation over old clinoform(across-shelf view) 400 m Courtesy of Neal Driscoll

  14. OPPORTUNITIES Increased use of tracers - cosmogenic radionuclides, OC, luminescence, and others can be used to track sediments through system, develop chronological links between source and sink, and rates of signal transfer and strata formation; Use of LIDAR -LIDAR can be used to develop more precise topographic, process, and landscape evolution models; Next-generation deep cores - neededto understand the longer-term stratigraphic record of source-to-sink; Develop links between S2S and other NSF programs - such as Orion, Venus (Victoria Experimental Network under the Sea) data/equipment; Opportunities to develop rapid response infrastructure - improve community capabilities to monitor sediment dispersal through major events, which would be portable to other areas, and serve model development; Opportunities to leverage industry interests and resources - if the program were packaged in a slightly broader temporal framework; and Exploit the environmental record of lake sediments - possible at both focus sites to develop independent records of climate change and climate forcing. Opportunity to Link S2S with Environmental Change Research - S2S can play an important role in discussions of the responses of the Earth surface to climate and environmental change

  15. JGR SPECIAL ISSUE ON PNG • The Papuan Continuum: Source to Sink through the Fly River System and the Gulf of Papua • Co-editors: Chuck Nittrouer • Rudy Slingerland, • Jerry Dickens, • Gary Parker • 1 overview (Nittrouer) plus 22 technical papers, that cover a spectrum of issues, including source processes, sediment transfer and deposition in the sink, and cycling of carbon and other biorelevant material

  16. COMMUNITY SEDIMENT MODEL • Status and Next Steps • Lead PI/Institution: J. Syvitski/INSTAAR, CU • INSTAAR CSM proposal has been funded. • Lead institution for multi-institution effort. • Cooperative agreement w/ other institutions now being assembled. • Steering committee (Head: Slingerland, PSU) • IT/Numerics working group (Head: Furbish, Vandy) • Marine working group (Head: Wiberg, UVA) • Terrestrial working group (Head: Tucker, CU) • Coastal working group (Head: Murray, Duke(?)) • Education working group (Head: TBD) • Other partnerships in works: • International Partners Committee • Industrial Partners Committee • Federal Inter-Agency Partners Committee

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