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Narative Paradigm

Walter Fisher 1984. Narative Paradigm. Pengantar. Prinsip manusia Thibaut & Kelly dalam Social Exchange theory mengatakan manusia adalah rational creature. Berger’s dalam Uncertainty reduction theory mengatakan manusia adalah curious.

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Narative Paradigm

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  1. Walter Fisher 1984 Narative Paradigm

  2. Pengantar • Prinsipmanusia • Thibaut & Kelly dalamSocial Exchange theory mengatakanmanusiaadalahrational creature. • Berger’s dalamUncertainty reduction theory mengatakanmanusiaadalahcurious. • Mead’s dalam Symbolic Interactionismmengatakanmanusiasymbolicum. • Walter Fisher tidakmembantahpendapattersebuttapidiayakinbahwamanusiasukabernarasi. • Pengalamandanpemahamanterhadapkehidupanadalahserangkaiankisah yang sedangdilaluisepertikonflik, karakter, bagianpermulaan, pertengahan, danbagianakhir. (Experience and comprehend life as a series of ongoing narratives, as conflict, characters, beginnings, middles, and ends.) • Semuabentukkomunikasiantarmanusiaadalahanjuran-anjuran yang kitamenyusunsebagaialasan yang kitabutuhkandalammelihatceritasecara fundamental (All forms of human communication that appeals to our reason need to be seen fundamentally as stories.) • Semuabentukkomunikasiadalahkisah (All types of communication as story).

  3. NarasidanParadigma: BatasandanDefinisi • Sudahmenjaditradisidarigenerasikegenerasimelakukan telling – retelling a story. • Narasiadalahsimbolberupatindakan-tindakan – kata-katadanatauperbuatan – yang membentukrangkaiansekuendanmaknatentanghidupseseorang, karya, daninterpretasimereka. • Narasiadalahakarkomunikasi yang terdiridariruangdanwaktu. Narasiitumeliputiseluruhaspekkehidupantermasukdidalamnyakarakter, motif, dantindakan. Terminologiitujugamencakuplambangkomunikasi verbal dan nonverbal yang digunakanseseoranguntukmengungkapkankepercayaandantindakannyadengancaratertentu. Walaupunpesanterlihatabstak, tetapiituadalahbagiandariimaginasi – yang merupakannarasi, sebabnarasiadalahjajaran (rangkaian) kisahpembicara yang terdiridaribagianpermulaan, tengah, danbagianakhirdannarasiitumengajakpendengaruntukmelakukanpenafsiranatasmaknadankandungannilai-nilaidalammenilaikehidupanmereka.

  4. Paradigm as a conceptual framework; a universal model that calls for people to view events through a common interpretive lens. • Paradigmaadalahkerangkakonseptual, bentuk universal yang seringdisebutkansebagaicarapandangterhadapsuatukejadianmisalnyaparadigmainterpretif.

  5. From A Rational World Paradigm To A Narrative One • Paradigmaduniarasionaladalahprinsipilmiahataupendekatanfilosofisuntukmemperolehpengetahuansepertimembangunasumsi-asumsi yang logis, pengembilankeputusan yang didasarkanpadabukti-bukti yang sejalandenganargumen-argumen yang disampaikan. • 5 Prasyaratparadigmaduniarasional: • Manusiapadadasarnyarasional • Kita membuatkeputusanberdasarkanargumen • Cara berbicara (formal, ilmiah, legislasi) mempengaruhiargumen • Rasionalitasdipengaruhiolehseberapabanyakpengetahuan yang dimilikidanbagaimanakeahlianmenyusunargumen • Duniainiadalahseperangkatlogikaberpikirdimanakitadalammemecahkannyamelaluianalisisrasional.

  6. Narrative Paradigm • Adalahkerangkateoritisdalammemandangnarasisebagai basis semuakomunikasimanusia. • 5 asumsioaradigmanaratif • People are essentially storyteller • We make decision on the basis of good reason, which vary depending on the communication situation, media and genre (philosophical, technical, rhetorical, or artistic) • History, biography, culture, and character determine what we consider good reason. • Narrative rationality is determined by the coherence and fidelity of our story. • The world is a set of stories from which we choose, and thus constantly re-create, out live.

  7. Narrative Rationality : Coherence and fidelity • Narative Coherence: Internal consistency with characters acting in a reliable fashion; the story hang together. • Narrative fidelity : Congruence between values embedded in a message and what listeners regard as truthful and humane; the story strikes a responsive chord. • The story has fidelity when it provides good reasons to guide our future actions.

  8. The logic of good reasons • The values embedded in the message • The relevance of those values to deciosions made • The concequence of adhering to those values • The overlap with the worldwide of the audience, and • Conformity with what the audience members believe is ‘an ideal basis for conduct’.

  9. Ideal audience • An actual community existing over time that believes in the value of truth, the good, beauty, health, wisdom, courage, temperance, justice, harmony, order, communion friendship, and oneness with the cosmos.

  10. Kritik • Coherence and fidelity very normative

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