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Principles of Judaism: Early History, God's Covenant, Law, and Morality

Explore the early history of the Jews, their migration, the covenant with God, teachings on law and morality, and the scattering of the Jewish community. Learn about the impact of Judaism in shaping moral principles and political equality.

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Principles of Judaism: Early History, God's Covenant, Law, and Morality

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  1. Section 3: Principles of Judaism I. Early History of the Jews • Jews known as Hebrews or Israelites (people of Israel) • Most of their history comes from the Torah (sacred text) • Abraham (father of the Jews) migrated from Mesopotamia to eastern Mediterranean and founded Israel • Famine forced them to migrate to Egypt where they became slaves • Moses led them to their exodus or escape

  2. David, a strong and clever king, unified all tribes and created a one nation Solomon, David’s son, created Jerusalem and was smart and understanding After Solomon died, Israel broke apart and were conquered by the Assyrians, Babylonians, and the Persians II. God’s Covenant With the Israelites Monotheistic—believed in one God Religious beliefs were part of their social, economic, and political life

  3. They saw themselves as god’s “chosen people” because they were spreading God’s teachings Torah also includes laws Jews must obey III. Teachings on Law and Morality Ten Commandments—brought by Moses, are a set of basic moral laws Seven Universal Laws—applied to all people; was an idea of universally accepted moral and ethical principles led to human rights today

  4. Prophets called on the rich to protect the poor Judaism (religion of the Jews) led to the rule of law and political equality The Scattering of the Jews Jews who took up Greeks way clashed with those that wanted to keep traditional Jewish beliefs A new group emerged from this conflict that followed the teachings of Jesus (a Jew) and created a new religion called Christianity

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