1 / 29

The Internet THE PHYSICAL ENTITY: A NETWORK OF COMPUTERS

The Internet THE PHYSICAL ENTITY: A NETWORK OF COMPUTERS. IM E-mail VoIP FTP P2P WWW. OBJECTIVES. Recognize the importance of the Internet. Compare types of Internet connections. Compare popular Web browsers. Demonstrate how to navigate the Web.

telyn
Download Presentation

The Internet THE PHYSICAL ENTITY: A NETWORK OF COMPUTERS

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. The InternetTHE PHYSICAL ENTITY: A NETWORK OF COMPUTERS IM E-mail VoIP FTP P2P WWW

  2. OBJECTIVES • Recognize the importance of the Internet. • Compare types of Internet connections. • Compare popular Web browsers. • Demonstrate how to navigate the Web. • Discuss how to evaluate the credibility of information found on the Web. • Identify the certifications and careers related to the Internet.

  3. Internet Introduction • Key Definitions: • Internet: The internet is a global network of interconnected networks, connecting private, public and university networks in one unit. • Intranet: An intranet is a private enterprise network that uses internet and web technologies for information gathering and distribution within an organization. • Extranet: An extranet is a community of interest created by extending an intranet to selected entities external to an organization.

  4. What is the Internet? • A Network of Computer Networks • Started as early as the 1960s • Built to work even if a large part of the network fails • Intranet is not the same as Internet • Decentralized Client – Server model • Supported by various gateways and high speed backbone connections.

  5. T3 Backbone Network Network T3 Backbone Internet T3 Backbone Internet Internet

  6. Brief History of the Internet • 1960s - Department of Defense initiative ARPANET • 1973 - ARPA launches the Internetting Project to explore the possibilities of linking networks • 1980 – First Virus halts the Internet • 1984 – DNS Introduced (Names rather than numbers) • 1999 – Internet Banking

  7. Internet Connection To connect to the Internet, you need an Internet service provider (ISP). An ISP can be any one of the following types: • Dial-up • Broadband • Wireless • Wireless mobile • Satellite

  8. Internet Connection: Wired

  9. Internet Connection: Wireless

  10. Internet Connection

  11. How to access the Internet? • Many schools and businesses have direct access to the Internet using special high-speed communication lines and equipment. • Students and employees can access through the organization’s local area networks (LAN) or through their own personal computers. • Another way to access the Internet is through Internet Service Provider (ISP).

  12. Internet Service Provider (ISP) • A commercial organization with permanent connection to the Internet that sells temporary connections to subscribers. • Examples: • STC Online, Microsoft network, AT&T Networks.

  13. Who owns the Internet? • The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) oversees registrations. • InterNIC—central service to reserve domain names (lots of issues arising with “cyberquatting…” • Whois – domain name lookup

  14. Services through the net • Major services: • Email – Electronic Mail • FTP – File Transfer Protocol • Gopher • Newsgroups • Telnet – Remote session • WAIS – Wide Area Information System • WWW – World Wide Web

  15. Uniform Resource Locators • The IP address and the domain name each identify a particular computer on the Internet. • However, they do not indicate where a Web page’s HTML document resides on that computer. • To identify a Web pages exact location, Web browsers rely on Uniform Resource Locator (URL). • URL is a four-part addressing scheme that tells the Web browser: • What transfer protocol to use for transporting the file • The domain name of the computer on which the file resides • The pathname of the folder or directory on the computer on which the file resides • The name of the file

  16. Structure of a Uniform Resource Locators pathname protocol http://www.chicagosymphony.org/civicconcerts/index.htm filename Domain name http => Hypertext Transfer Protocol

  17. Part of a URL DOMAIN NAME or SECOND-LEVEL DOMAIN http://www.google.com PROTOCOL THIRD-LEVEL DOMAIN TOP-LEVEL DOMAIN (TLD)

  18. HTTP • The transfer protocol is the set of rules that the computers use to move files from one computer to another on the Internet. • The most common transfer protocol used on the Internet is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). • Two other protocols that you can use on the Internet are the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and the Telnet Protocol

  19. How to read an URL • http://www.blast.ncbl.org/dcs/proposal.htm http = the protocol www = the host computer or server name blast = third level domain ncbl = second level domain org = top level domain dcs = directory name proposal= file name htm = file type / extension

  20. Getting a Domain Name? • Top Domains: • edu – Educational Institutions • com – Company / Commercial Organizations • org – Non-profit Organizations • net – Network, network of sites • mil – Military Installations • gov – Government sites • Sub Domains: • in - India • jp - Japan • uk – United Kingdom

  21. Identifying a PC on the Internet • IP Number • 220.226.64.35 • 10.15.3.20 (Intranet, Local IP) • To find your IP number on Windows • Execute ipconfig on your command prompt – XP • winipcgf - 98

  22. Bandwidth • Speed of data transfer through the network • Access through: • 28.8 bps (bits per second) modem • 56.6 modem • ISDN • T1/T3 – High speed • Cable • DSL

  23. Web Browsers HTML: Hypertext Markup Language, the authoring language that defines the structure of Web pages Web browsers: Programs that interpret the HTML and display the Web pages

  24. Web Browsers

  25. Mobile Browsers • Sometimes called microbrowsers • IE, Firefox, Safari, and Opera come in mobile versions • Kindle, Android, and BlackBerry use proprietary mobile browsers

  26. Ways to Navigate Two ways to navigate: • Type the URL (uniform resource locator) Web page address • Follow embedded links in the Web pages Website: Consists of one or more Web pages Home page: The main or starting page

  27. The Web Address ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers): Coordinates the Internet naming system IP (Internet Protocol): A unique numbered address associated with a Website, like 165.123.193.432 DNS (Domain Name System): The service that uses a friendly name instead of an IP address to contact a Website

  28. Internet Services Chat E-Commerce Direct Communication E-Mail Newsgroups Online Conferencing Mailing-List Discussions WWW Distributed Information Resources FTP File Transfer

  29. Questions

More Related