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World History Final Exam Review Second Semester (from the Review Outline)

World History Final Exam Review Second Semester (from the Review Outline). Absolute Monarchs. Define Absolutism. What is it?. 1.This was when a monarch or ruler had all the power. They believed that they had the “ god-given ” right to rule. (Examples: Phillip of Spain,

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World History Final Exam Review Second Semester (from the Review Outline)

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  1. World History Final Exam ReviewSecond Semester(from the Review Outline)

  2. Absolute Monarchs • Define Absolutism. What is it?

  3. 1.This was when a monarch or ruler had all the power. They believed that they had the “god-given” right to rule. (Examples: Phillip of Spain, King Louis XIV –built Versailles; Later XVI – French Revolution)

  4. 2. Explain divine right and its relationship to absolutism.

  5. 2. It gave the ruler absolute rule.

  6. What was the Thirty Year’s War? (30)

  7. 3. European conflict over: • Religion, Territory • And for power among ruling families lasting from 1618 to 1648. • France increased its power while weakening Spain and Germany.

  8. 4. In America what was the Thirty Year’s War known as?

  9. 4. Seven Year’s War 7 = America

  10. Explain the Glorious Revolution.

  11. 5. This was a conflict that happened when Mary and her husband William of Orange deposed her father, James, and forced him off the throne of England because he was a Catholic and they were Protestants. It was called “ Glorious” because no one died.

  12. Who was Czar Ivan (The Terrible) of Russia?

  13. He was czar of Russia; a Romanov;when his wife died he ruled Russia harshly. Absolute Ruler of Russia

  14. 7. Who were the boyars?

  15. 7. The boyars were the land owning nobles of Russia that suffered greatly under Ivan the Terrible. They lost much power & influence.

  16. 8. Which French king boasted, “I am the state!”

  17. King Louis the XIV He built the palace of Versailles to show off the power and wealth of France.

  18. 9. Why did Peter the Great move the capital to St. Petersburg?

  19. 9. He wanted a city on the seaport to travel west. He used many serfs to build it and many died.

  20. 10. What form of government did the Dutch choose after gaining freedom from Spain?

  21. The Dutch chose a REPUBLIC.

  22. 11. Why were the great palaces -Escorial and Versailles- built?

  23. 11. To show off the ruler’s power and create envy between the other monarchs

  24. 12. What was the main goal of Peter the Great of Russia?

  25. He wanted to westernize Russia.

  26. 13. How was the economy of Central Europe different from that of western Europe?

  27. Serfs (servants) in central Europe remained on the land to work the crops.

  28. What was the significance of the English Bill of Rights?

  29. 14. The English Bill of Rights made clear the limits of royal power. It gave Britain stronger nobles with rights, like trial by jury.

  30. Scientific Revolution & Enlightenment 1. What is the heliocentric theory?

  31. 1 & 2. This was the idea that the sun is at the center of the universe. This was proposed by Copernicus. Galileo Galili also supported Copernicus’s theory. He even had to be under house arrest because of his beliefs.

  32. 3. What contributions to science did Isaac Newton make?

  33. Isaac Newton developed the Law of Universal Gravity.

  34. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

  35. 4. Thomas Jefferson

  36. 5. Which Enlightenment philosopher had influenced the Bill of Rights?

  37. John Locke He believed all people are born free and equal with three natural rights: life, liberty, property

  38. 6. What were the ideas of French philosopher, Montesquieu?

  39. 6. Separation of powers

  40. 7. What ideas did Enlightenment promote?

  41. 7. Progress More secular outlook faith in Science

  42. What were the Navigation Acts?

  43. 8. England’s Navigation Acts were a series of laws that restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England and its colonies.

  44. 9. Britain tried to tax the colonists without their consent (permission).

  45. What was the Stamp Act?

  46. 10. How did the colonists react to the Stamp Act?

  47. 10. They boycotted Britain’s manufactured goods. (Remember the Boston Tea Party?)

  48. 11. What were the ideas of Thomas Hobbes?

  49. Hobbes believed that the ruler needed total power to keep citizens under control. His view is that an absolute monarchy could impose order and demand obedience. (In other words…he believed in the total opposite view of Locke.)

  50. 12. How did the Declaration of Independence embody Enlightenment ideas?

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