Gadgets, Things, and A Glimpse of the Future

1. Gadgets, Things, and A Glimpse of the Future

2. Introduction • Driven by advances in • Electronics, • Information Systems Science and Engineering, • The evolution of multimedia information and communication technology is manifesting itself in an explosion of • Information Appliances, including Personal Information Devices, and • Associated Services. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

3. These devices support a wide range of ultimedia applications in communications, entertainment, commerce, education, and remote control. In fixed, portable, and mobile environments. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

4. Enabling Technologies COMMUNICATIONS ELECTRONICS DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY HARDWARE SOFTWARE Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

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6. Moore’s Law • Moore's Law, a driving force in integrated circuit design first described by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore in 1965. Moore's observation states that the number of transistors fabricated on an integrated circuit doubles every 18 to 24 months. • Solid-state microelectronics has followed that performance curve for more than 40 years, but as conventional transistors approach 30 nanometers, they will become extremely expensive to produce. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

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8. Notes on Moore’s Law • Using nano-imprint lithography and their technique for depositing molecular mono layers, scientists from HP Labs hope they will be able to fabricate and demonstrate crossbar circuits with wire-to-wire separation of less than 30 nanometers. • That would yield a switch packing density approximately 120 times greater than present-day integrated circuits . • I think we've picked a winner — something that will allow Moore's Law to continue for another half century," Williams [of HP Labs] says. "I used to think that was impossible. Now I think it is inevitable." Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

9. Quantum Communications • IBM scientists have discovered a way to transport information on the atomic scale that uses the wave nature of electrons instead of conventional wiring. • The new phenomenon, called the "quantum mirage" effect, may enable data transfer within future nanoscale electronic circuits too small to use wires. • IBM's new quantum mirage technique may prove to be just such a substitute for the wires connecting nanocircuit components. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

10. Physicists Establish “Spooky" Quantum Communication • Physicists at the University of Michigan have coaxed two separate atoms to communicate with a sort of quantum intuition that Albert Einstein called "spooky." • In doing so, the researchers have made an advance toward super-fast quantum computing. The research could also be a building block for a quantum internet. • Scientists used light to establish what's called "entanglement" between two atoms, which were trapped a meter apart in separate enclosures (think of entangling like controlling the outcome of one coin flip with the outcome of a separate coin flip). 9/16/2007 10:27:25 PM http://nanotechwire.com/news.asp?nid=5035 Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

11. A paper on the findings appears in the Sept. 6 edition of the journal Nature. According to Professor Christopher Monroe, the principal investigator : “This linkage between remote atoms could be the fundamental piece of a radically new quantum computer architecture" “Now that the technique has been demonstrated, it should be possible to scale it up to networks of many interconnected components that will eventually be necessary for quantum information processing." Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

12. ITU Predictions: 2005 Early forms of ubiquitous information and communication networks are evident in the widespread use of mobile phones: the number of mobile phones worldwide surpassed 2 billion in mid-2005. “The Internet of Things” is the seventh in the series of ITU Internet Reports originally launched in 1997 under the title “Challenges to the Network”. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

13. ITU Internet Reports 2005: The Internet of Things • “A new dimension has been added to the world of information and communication technologies (ICTs): from anytime, any place connectivity for anyone, we will now have connectivity for anything.” • We are standing on the brink of a new ubiquitous computing and communication era, one that will radically transform our corporate, community, and personal spheres. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

14. ITU Internet Reports 2005: The Internet of Things • Connections will multiply and create an entirely new dynamic network of networks – an Internet of Things. • The Internet of Things is neither science fiction nor industry hype, but is based on solid technological advances and visions of network ubiquity that are zealously being realized. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

15. ITU Internet Reports 2005: The Internet of Things “The Internet of Things is a technological revolution that represents the future of computing and communications, and its development depends on dynamic technical innovation in a number of important fields, from wireless sensors to nanotechnology.” Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

16. Today, developments are rapidly under way to take this phenomenon an important step further, by embedding short-range mobile transceivers into a wide array of additional gadgets and everyday items, enabling new forms of communication between people and things, and between things themselves. • First, in order to connect everyday objects and devices to large databases and networks – and indeed to the network of networks (the internet) – a simple, unobtrusive and cost-effective system of item identification is crucial. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

17. Only then can data about things be collected and processed. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) offers this functionality. • Second, data collection will benefit from the ability to detect changes in the physical status of things, using sensor technologies. Embedded intelligence in the things themselves can further enhance the power of the network by devolving information processing capabilities to the edges of the network. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

18. Finally, advances in miniaturization and nanotechnology mean that smaller and smaller things will have the ability to interact and connect. • A combination of all of these developments will create an Internet of Things that connects the world’s objects in both a sensory and an intelligent manner. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

19. What Are “Things”? • Gadgets • Gadgets have become an integral and intimate part of everyday life for many millions of people, even more so than the internet. • OK, but what are “Gadgets”? Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

20. Gadgets and Gizmos • From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia • A gadget is a device that has a useful specific purpose and function. Gadgets tend to be more unusual or cleverly designed than normal technology. • A gizmo is a gadget with moving parts. • For example, a nifty digital watch would be a gadget, while an analog watch would be a gizmo. • In contrast, a device of clever design that has no practical purpose is called a novelty item. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

21. Wikipedia: Examples of gadgets • MP3 players • Can opener • Electric Toothbrush • Mini Vac • Blender • The Clapper • Swiss Army Knife • Remote control device of any sort (car starter, TV remote, garage door opener, etc.) • Cordless mouse • Sonic screwdriver • Any device that talks, like a calculator or clock Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

22. What Are Things? • Computers – fixed, portable, mobile; • Cell phones, digital cameras, personal digital assistants, pocket PCs; • Games, iPods, talking books, and DVD players; • Wireless homes and offices; • Smart appliances; remote sensors and control, RFIDs; • Mobile devices that use services such as GPS, digital maps and IVR; Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

23. Handheld Devices and Gadgets Transistor Radio – AM/FM - Walkman CB Radios/GRS Family Radios Cell Phones – Cordless Phones Pagers - Instant Messaging - eMail Calculator: 4-function -> Scientific PDA – calendar, address book - Pocket PC Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

24. TV Remote Control - Garage Door Openers Home Automation – Lights, HVAC, Alarms, Irrigation Digital Cameras - Printers Video Cameras – tape – CD – DVD Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

25. Home Entertainment Centre • Cable or Satellite Delivery • HDTV • Flat Screen Presentation • Personal Video Recorder • Linked to Internet • Music downloading • Pay-per-View • Games Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

26. Inside The Everything Conceivable & Then Some Device Video Screen Keypad Buttons LEDs Cell Phone Radio WLAN Radio Bluetooth Radio WiMAX Radio GPS Radio Cellular Processor 802.11 Protocol 802.15 Protocol 802.16 Protocol GPS Processor Digital Camera Camera Processor IVR GRS Radio MP3 Audio Codec H.264 Video Codec Graphics Processor Digital Signal Processor MPEG Codec RAM Memory PC/PDA Removable Memory USB Port Power Supplies Battery Charger Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

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28. Underlying Technology • Information Processing • hardware and software • Storage • capacity and speed • Communications • bandwidth and ubiquitous accessibility Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

29. Hardware and Software • Hardware • Processor Power • Quad Core • 64 – bit CPU’s • Processing Speed • Software • Software Power • Java, .NET • Service Oriented Architecture • Applications Oriented Architecture Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

30. Memory • Memory • Size – the 4 Gbyte PC • Speed • Portability – Hand held mobility • USB Stick – the 4 GB stick • iPod Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

31. Communications • Ubiquitous Access and Connectivity • Broadband Wired and Wireless Access • The Internet • Common bases for all communications • Standards • Universal Addressability • IP Networks • Voice • Image • Video • Data Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

32. Addresses - IPv6 • IPv4 supports 4.3×109 (4.3 billion) addresses, which is inadequate for giving even one address to every living person, much less support the burgeoning emerging market for connective devices. • IPv6 supports 3.4×1038 addresses, or 5×1028 (50 octillion) for each of the roughly 6.5 billion people alive today, or almost 57 billion addresses for each gram of matter in the Earth. • Note: statements that IPv6 provides enough address space to give an address for each atom in the universe or even for each atom on Earth are exaggerated. However, the average person could address each atom in their body. From :Wikipedia Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

33. Basic Functionality: Telematics Communications A & D I/O Processor Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

34. Where Are We? Essentially, we have the ability to communicate information • of any form, • to anyone, • anywhere, • at any time Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

35. Societal Impact of the Internet & Cell Phones • No person is a stranger to any other, or to any event. • Harder or easier to control the crowd? • Universal access to information of all kinds - some good, some bad. • Why learn fundamentals when one can look up the answer to any specific question? • Basis for the ultimate democracy, mind control or merely mindless games, pornography and entertainment? Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

36. IPTV - Key New Technology • Digital, Broadband Communications • 4-5 Mbps downstream • 1.5 Mbps upload) • Delivering • Multimedia Services • Audio - Telephone • Video - TV • Data – email, messaging, ISP • To the Home Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

37. Dedicated to Tomorrow http://www.tomorrowproject.net/pub/1__GLIMPSES/Globalisation/-1288.html Check out the Tomorrow Project Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

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39. Media & Technology: How will global communications impact people’s lives? The world's richer people increasingly live in a media cocoon... The physical economy is being supplemented by an online economy... The information economy is being transformed into a social economy... Mass media is evolving into personalised media... Off-line concentrations of power are being replicated online... Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

40. What might be the implications? http://www.tomorrowproject.net/pub/1__GLIMPSES/Globalisation/-1290.html#A-1290:1 Communication technologies will propel us into the virtual economy... Communications technologies will continue to increase sociability... Communication technologies could help to change what it means to be human... Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

41. Coping • How do we cope with the pace, complexity and impact of all this new technology? Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

42. Abstraction: Dealing with Progress A wise man once told me that mankind has always had to deal with this question and that: “Our knowledge migrates to our tools, and we deal with the world at higher and higher levels of abstraction”. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

43. More recently from The Internet of Things • “Over a decade ago, the late Mark Weiser developed a seminal vision of future technological ubiquity – one in which the increasing ‘availability’ of processing power would be accompanied by its decreasing ‘visibility’. • As he observed, “the most profound technologies are those that disappear…they weave themselves into the fabric of everyday life until they are indistinguishable from it”. Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

44. Some other views of what is going on Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

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46. IBM The Technology Business Benefits Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

47. Key Factors Driving Adoption • Social • Wireless Generation • Working patterns • Social acceptance • Devices • Capacity (OS, Storage, Battery life…) • Moore’s Law • Horizontal and open standardsclient architectures • Emergence of new devices class • Sensors, RFID tags • Friendly user interfaces • Access Technologies • Standards increasingly data friendly • 2.5/3G • Packet vs. circuit switched • Always-on • Reduced cost of data/flat rates • “all you can eat” • Nationwide coverage & roaming • Emergence of “Public Access”and “Citywide Networks” • Enterprise IT Environment • Pervasive Content • Horizontal and open standards middleware architectures • e-business on demand / Utility computing Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

48. Provide optimized access seamlessly to user or machine over any network City, Community (Last Mile, Remote Coverage, Fixed and Mobile Broadband) On-Campus / Public (Office, SOHO, Airport, Hotel, Coffee Shop, Broadband) Personal Space (Office, Briefcase, Person, Broadband) PAN LAN MAN WAN Bluetooth Feet to 10's of feet WLAN 802.11X (10’s, 100’s of feet) WMAN 802.16, 802.20, Ad-hoc, Beam Forming Cellular/Satellite Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

49. Ultra Low Power and Long Range capable Wireless solutions provider Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web

50. Coronis Carleton University - The Evolution of the Web