Loanwords from American Indians

1. Loanwords fromAmerican Indians 97501032 Veronica Pan

2. background • American Indians : indigenous peoples from North America now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska and the island state of Hawaii.(Wikipedia)

3. British colonization of the Americas

4. background • Algonquian languages : a subfamily of Native American languages which includes most of the languages in the Algic language family, an indigenous language family of North America.

5. → indigenous languages

6. American Indian Loanwords → more than Russian but less than French or Spanish • Colonial background • Historical background • Racial bias Indianisms: defined by John L. Cutler ” any English words or phrases specifically related to Indians.”

7. Examples • places:countless places in Canada and the United States, ex. eight American states(Connecticut, Massachusetts, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Mississippi, Missouri, and Wyoming),three Canadian provinces(Quebec, Saskatchewan and Manitoba)

8. eight American states

9. three Canadian provinces

10. Examples • Indigenous Culture: • powwow: a gathering of North America's Native people.

11. Examples • Indigenous Culture: • wigwam: a domed room dwelling used by certain Native American tribes.

12. Examples • Indigenous Culture: • moccasin: a shoe made of deerskin or other soft leather, the footwear of many Native American tribes.

13. Examples • Indigenous Culture: • squaw: whose present meaning is an indigenous woman of North America.

14. Examples • North American Life : • moose : a kind of big deer

15. Examples • North American Life : • raccoon I am so cute >////<

16. Examples • Indianisms: • Indian • Indian summer • Indian give

17. Examples • few words have passed into more general usage • totem:

18. Examples • few words have passed into more general usage • caucus: a meeting of supporters or members of a political party or movement, especially in the United States.

19. Examples • few words have passed into more general usage • toboggan: a simple sled which is a traditional form of transport used by the Innu and Cree of northern Canada.

20. conclusion • racial bias toward North America’s Aboriginal populations: • Indianisms • Cotton Mather “the best thing we can do for our Indians is to Anglicise them in all agreeable Instances; and in that of Language, as well as others ”

21. conclusion (2) inevitable linguistic borrowing : • Richard Bailey “English has accumulated its [Indigenous] wordstock as an incidental consequence of the extension of anglophone power”

22. references • 1. Wyatt, Kyle. "Loanwords and Mascots: American Indianisms in the English Language". . 21 Mar. 2010 <http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/~cpercy/courses/6362-wyatt.htm>. • 2. "Algonquian Words in English ". Native Languages of the Americas website. 21 Mar. 2010 <http://www.native-languages.org/wordalg.htm>. • 3. Hartman, Holly. "American Indian Loan Words". Information Please. 21 Mar. 2010 <http://www.infoplease.com/spot/aihmwords1.html>. • 4. "Algonquian languages". Wikipedia. 21 Mar. 2010 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algonquian_languages>. • 5. "Native Americans in the United States". Wikipedia. 21 Mar. 2010 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States>.

23. Thank You : )