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COMPUTER HARDWARE

COMPUTER HARDWARE. Types of Computers. Super Computers $5-20M 2.1B ops/sec Massively Parallel = 8.6B ops/sec Cray Main Frames $50K-5M - several million ops/sec IBM. Types of Computers. Mini Computers few thou to $100K client/server VAX by DEC

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COMPUTER HARDWARE

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  1. COMPUTERHARDWARE

  2. Types of Computers • Super Computers • $5-20M • 2.1B ops/sec • Massively Parallel = 8.6B ops/sec • Cray • Main Frames • $50K-5M - several million ops/sec • IBM

  3. Types of Computers • Mini Computers • few thou to $100K • client/server • VAX by DEC • Micro-computers or Personal Computers • includes Workstations • $1K-20K • PC - IBM, Compaq, Apple, MAC, Zenith, Dell • WS - Hewlett Packard, SUN, NeXT, IBM, Silicon Graphics • also portables - laptops, notebooks, pocket (palmtops) • Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs)

  4. What does a computer do? • adds, compares, stores - very fast • INPUT -> PROCESS -> OUTPUT

  5. Keyboard keyboards dumb terminals Direct Pointing Devices mouse light pen digital camera touch screen Scanning Devices bar-code reader scanner fax char/mark recognition punch cards paper tape Voice-input Devices Input Devices

  6. The Size of Memory • BIT (Binary Digit) • Can only be 0 or 1 • 8 bits = 1 BYTE • Also called a Word of memory • 1K = 1 kilobyte = one thousand bytes • 1M = 1 megabyte = one million bytes • 1G = 1 gigabyte = one billion bytes

  7. Secondary Storage • DISKETTES • also called ‘Floppies’ • 5.25" vs 3.5" • double density vs high density • 5.25 - DD = 360KB • 5.25 - HighCap = 1.2MB • 3.5 - DD = 720K • 3.5 - HD = 1.44M • ZIP disks = 100 MB

  8. Secondary Storage • Hard disks • 4 GB • 6.4 GB • 10- 25 GB • Some are removable • Head Crash! • File compression

  9. Secondary Storage • CD-ROM optical disks • 650 MB • DVD - Digital Video Disk • 4.7 GB • Tape drives • 120MB - 5 GB • Sequential Access

  10. Output • Monitors • CGA = Color Graphics Adapter • EGA = Enhanced Graphics Adapter • VGA = Video Graphics Array • SVGA = Super VGA • CRT vs. Flat-panel

  11. Output • Printers • daisy-wheel • dot-matrix • ink-jet • laser • chain or line

  12. Output • Voice • Plotters • Fax

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