Monday, November 28, 2011

1. Monday, November 28, 2011 • Warm-up: Describe the first Thanksgiving. • Notes – NC in the 1700s • Review – half sheet of paper summary • Give it a title (main idea). Write your name on the back. • Draw a picture that represents the main idea. • Write 3-5 details on the back that support your main idea (title).

2. North Carolina Ways of LifeIn the 1700s

3. “Immigrants” • People came from all over Europe to NC in the mid-1700s • Scotland, Ireland & Germany • Adventure, cheap land, religious/political freedom, etc. • By 1776, NC ranked 4th among colonies in number of people.

4. Progress • Small farmers used the piedmont for cultivation • Businesses made sawmills from forests • Rough roads made; rivers cleared debris • Lighthouses built along coast

5. Population • Between 1730 and 1775, NC’s “free” population went from 30,000 to 260,000. • High birth rate and immigration pushed this population boom.

6. Promotion of NC • Advertisements in Europe promised mild climate, fertile soil, and inexpensive land. • Pennsylvania Gazette promised great things in NC, too. • European leaders “recruited” unwanted/rebellious groups to come to NC

7. Ethnic Diversity • German-speaking groups in central Europe saw NC as a place to escape religious persecution and political turmoil at home. • Ireland & Scotland saw NC as a way to escape crowded conditions or harsh landlords (Highland Scots). • These 2 groups came by the 1,000s as the 1st wave of immigrants.

8. Highland Scots • Gabriel Johnston, a Scot, became royal gov. of NC in 1734, and promoted the settlement of especially those in Scotland. • Brunswick was the landing place for the first large group of Highland Scots (about 360). • Highland Scots in England rebelled and were punished -> huge population in NC.

9. Highland Scots • The region (around Brunswick) became so heavily populated that NC Assembly created a separate county called Cumberland • When Amer. Revolution came to the colonies, the Highland Scots supported England instead of the colonies. • Scared of England? • Too high a risk?

10. Scots-Irish • Many people took the “Great Wagon Road” (along the Appalachian Mountains) • Backcountry (thinly populated settlements that stretched from the fall line to the Appalachians) were established by some of those people. • Claimed the backcountry as home (along with German-speaking Protestants).

11. Scots-Irish • Scots-Irish success in England and religious differences (bet. Protestants & Catholics) -> asked to leave by England • When Revolution came to the colonies, the Scots-Irish supported the colonies • NC soon becomes a place of rebellion and turmoil.

12. Pennsylvania Dutch • A term given to all Germans no matter their religion or whether they had even been in Penn. • Fled religious persecution in Germany. • Largest body of Germans to settle in NC were Moravians

13. Pennsylvania Dutch • Settled in the backcountry • Provided much of the medical and dental services to people in the area • Kept a strict policy of neutrality during Revolution times. Other sources say they supported the colonies.

14. Enslaved Africans • NC had the smallest population of enslaved Africans of the southern colonies in the 1700s. • Quakers spoke against slavery and helped limit its effects.

15. Native Americans • Cherokee were the only natives to prosper in the Carolinas • They went to war against SC and eventually had to give up land • Small pox wiped out over half of the tribe, forcing them to give up more land.

16. Tuesday, November 29, 2011 • Warm-up: Most of the Quakers, Scotch-Irish, Germans, and others who settled in the NC backcountry pursued what sort of livelihood? • Carpentry and construction work • Serving as bankers to other settlers • Large-scale agriculture on plantations • Raising cattle and growing grain and corn • Review – half sheet • Notes – NC in the 1700s

17. Social Differences& Products of North Carolina

18. “Country Folk” • The Backcountry was notorious for “equality” of status • People addressed each other by first names. • There was no sense of “class” or status in their society.

19. Gentry Class • Moderate or great wealth • Clergy, lawyers, doctors, and planters • Planters = owned self-sufficient plantations and sought after public office.

20. “Folks of a lesser sort” • Most of North Carolinians • Farmers, servants, and laborers • Formed the bulk of the militia (volunteer soldiers) • Indentured servants – more important than enslaved laborers during the early years of the colony • Apprentices • Slaves

21. Racism • Belief by some that people of one race are superior to those of another • Crept into colonial America along with the 1st Africans forcibly carried to its shores

22. Agriculture • By the 1700s, approximately 95% of all North Carolinians earned their living through agriculture or related industry. • Cash crops (crops sold for a profit) – typical to NC were corn, wheat, and tobacco

23. The Pig • Hogs were a valuable commodity in NC • Approximately 1/8 of all salt pork in the West Indies came from NC.

24. Forests • NC sold England more than 60% of its naval stores (tar, pitch, etc.) • NC supplied England with almost 10% of England’s lumber. • Corduroy roads – settlers put down small tree trunks across muddy roads to “pave” it.

25. Wednesday, November 30, 2011 • Warm-up: How did the farmers of western Carolina differ from those in the eastern part of the colony? • Eastern Carolina farmers had greater political and socioeconomic power. • Western Carolina farmers had larger numbers of slaves to work their land. • Western Carolina farmers depended more heavily on Native American laborers • Eastern Carolina farmers had limited trade opportunities due to lack of port cities. • Quiz – open note • Formative Assessment #1-20

26. NC in the 1700s Quiz • What 2 things pushed the population boom between 1730 & 1775? • What was the largest religious group of Pennsylvania Dutch to settle in NC? • What is the backcountry? • What are corduroy roads? • True or False: In the backcountry, people addressed each other by titles to show respect of “class.”

27. NC in the 1700s Quiz • Where did 1/8 of the West Indies’s salt pork come from? • List at least 3 examples of people who would be considered “of a lesser sort.” • What were NC’s 3 main cash crops? • What is the definition of racism? • Where were most of the Pennsylvania Dutch actually from?

28. Thursday, December 1, 2011 • Warm-up: Why did the Native Americans “fail” in the NC colony in the 1700s? • Formative Assessment • Page 186 & 238 – Memorize the Preamble for both the Declaration of Independence & Constitution

29. Friday, December 2, 2011 • Warm-up: What are cash crops? • Page 186 & 238 – Memorize the Preamble for both the Declaration of Independence & Constitution • Read pages 141-144 • Complete vocabulary & questions on page 144. These are your “notes.” • Title your notes, “North vs. South”