1 / 34

Individual Differences

A case of Multiple Personality (1954) Thigpen, H.C and Cleckley , H. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 49, 135-151. Individual Differences. EVALUATION. Why did Thigpen and Cleckley decide that Eve did not have Schizophrenia?. 1. Method: Case study. What is a case study?

taryn
Download Presentation

Individual Differences

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. A case of Multiple Personality (1954) Thigpen, H.C and Cleckley, H. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 49, 135-151 Individual Differences EVALUATION

  2. Why did Thigpen and Cleckley decide that Eve did not have Schizophrenia?

  3. 1. Method: Case study What is a case study? Why is this study a case study?

  4. 1. Method: Case Study

  5. 1. Method: Longitudinal What is a longitudinal study? Why was this study longitudinal?

  6. 1. Method: Longitudinal

  7. 1. Method: Self-Report What is Self-Report Why is this study Self-Report?

  8. 1. Method: Self-Report

  9. 1. Method: Observation What is an observation? Why is this study observational?

  10. 1. Method: Observation

  11. 2. Sample How do we define a sample? What is the sample in this study?

  12. 2. Sample

  13. 3. Data collection What is data? Why do psychologists need to collect data?

  14. 3. Data: Qualitative

  15. 3. Data: Quantitative

  16. 4. Reliability This refers to whether the findings are consistent over time and within scores • Is this the case or was Eve just a skilled actress? • What aspects of the study were reliable? • How could we make the study more reliable in future?

  17. 4. Reliability Are findings consistent over time? • Test-retest method: Are findings consistent over scores? • Use of more than one rater • Use split-half method

  18. 5. Validity

  19. 6. Suggested Changes If you were doing the study now are there any changes that you would make and why?

  20. 6. Debates • Determinism Vs Free Will • Reductionism Vs Holism • Nature-Nurture • Ethnocentrism • Psychology as a science • The usefulness of Psychological Research

  21. 6c. Nature versus nurture Is Eve’s situation a result of nature or nurture? • Nature: • Nurture:

  22. 6d. Ethnocentric bias Diagnosis of MPD is more prevalent in USA than anywhere else. Why do you think this might be?

  23. 6f. Individual versus situational approach • Is Eve living up to the expectancies of the situation? • Are the researchers putting ideas of different personalities in her mind?

  24. 6g. Usefulness of the research • What institutions in society would benefit from this information? • Can the study be generalised beyond the research setting? • Is the study robust, scientific, representative?

  25. 6g. Usefulness of the research • Findings showed support for the origins of MPD being the result of traumatic childhood experiences and therefore increased understanding of both this disorder and the effects of negative physical and emotional experiences. • However, both BPS and the Royal College of Physicians warn that therapists can easily encourage false memories of childhood abuse and that the memories of patients with dissociation may be unreliable. • Diagnosis has been used successfully as a legal defence, on occasions. However, the used of MPD as a legal defence remains an controversial issue.

  26. 7. Issues • Ethics • Ecological Validity • Longitudinal-Snapshot • Qualitative & Quantitative Data

  27. 7a. Ethical Issues What does ethics refer to? Why do we need ethical guidelines for psychological research?

  28. Protection of participants • Withdrawal – Eve Black didn’t want to take part in Thigpen and Cleckley’s investigation but was bribed to if she wanted more time “out”. • Consent • It is not known if either Eve White or Eve Black gave consent to widely publicize her case study • Giving Advice • Thigpen and Cleckley’s solution to Eve’s multiple personality disorder was to encourage another character Jane to take over, this might not have been the correct decision.

  29. 7a. Ethical issues in this study

  30. 7b. Ecological Validity

  31. 7c. Longitudinal-Snapshot

  32. 7d. Qualitative & Quantitative Data

  33. 8. Suggested Changes If you were doing the study now are there any changes that you would make and why?

More Related