1 / 8

Scalar and Vector Quantities

Scalar and Vector Quantities. A scalar quantity is one that only indicates “ how much ” ( the magnitude) of the quantity. A vector quantity indicates the “ how much ” ( the magnitude) AND the direction of the quantity. A vector quantity is written with an arrow

tanith
Download Presentation

Scalar and Vector Quantities

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Scalar and Vector Quantities • A scalar quantity is one that only indicates “ how much” ( the magnitude) of the quantity. • A vector quantity indicates the “ how much” ( the magnitude) AND the direction of the quantity. A vector quantity is written with an arrow ( ) above the quantity.

  2. Vector directions; When working with vectors (especially adding vectors), we need to know how to represent the direction. Our textbook looks at 2 different methods (see pages 139 and 140). • X – axis method [up] and [right] are positive [down] and [left] are negative Other directions are given in degrees from the right axis (x-axis) in a counter clockwise direction. • Navigator method (compass) [N] and [E] are positive [S] and [W] are negative Other directions are given in degrees from [N] in a clockwise direction

  3. Distance and Displacement • Distance is a measurement of the change in distance of an object moving from a starting reference point. Distance is a scalar quantity. Example: ∆d = 5 m • Displacement is a measurement of the change in distance and the direction or the change in position of an object from a reference point. Example: ∆d = 5 m [right]

  4. Speed and Velocity • Speed describes the rate of motion of an object. Speed is a scalar quantity. Example: v = 100 km/hr • Velocity describes both the rate of motion and the direction of an object, so velocity is a vector quantity. Example: v = 100 km/hr [E]

  5. Velocity is a vector quantity, so you must state its magnitude and direction. Average velocity = displacement time v = ∆d ∆t v = dfinal - dinitial tfinal - tinitial The units for velocity are the same as speed; metres/second (m/s) but you ALSO include a direction in square brackets behind the units given. Example; 10m/s [west]

  6. Example Problem B1.6 page 141 Practice Problems #8, 9, 10 page 141

  7. Using Graphs to Analyze Average Velocity NOTES provided. • Position-time graph  Is similar to distance-time graph (determining average speed by slope of the line) except that velocity and position (displacement) are vector quantities and must be stated in terms of magnitude and direction  Average velocity = slope • Velocity-time graph  Is similar to speed-time graph (determining distance by calculating area under the line) except that velocity is a vector quantity and must be stated in terms of magnitude and direction  Area = ∆v x t

  8. Check and Reflect page 145 #1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

More Related