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Elements and the Periodic Table

Elements and the Periodic Table. COLLEGE PREP EXPLORING SCIENCE. The Modern Periodic Table - Journal. What happens to properties when you move from left to right across the table? What type of elements are in yellow? In green? In blue? What is an important fact about the Actinide series?.

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Elements and the Periodic Table

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  1. Elements and the Periodic Table COLLEGE PREP EXPLORING SCIENCE

  2. The Modern Periodic Table - Journal • What happens to properties when you move from left to right across the table? • What type of elements are in yellow? In green? In blue? • What is an important fact about the Actinide series?

  3. The Modern Periodic Table PROPERTIES ARE GROUPED BY COLUMNS Example - Group (Family 1) – Alkali Metals What is similar?

  4. The Modern Periodic Table HOW CAN WE CLASSIFY ELEMENTS? • State: solid, liquid, gas • Natural & manmade: (91 of the first 92 are natural) • METALS, NONMETALS & METALLOIDS

  5. PROPERTIES METALS • Mostly solid, • Good conductors of electricity and heat METALLOIDS • All solids • Properties between metals and nonmetals • Known as ‘semi-conductors” NONMETALS • Solids, liquids and gases • Good insulators

  6. The Modern Periodic Table Classified by Properties What happens to properties when you move from left to right across the table? ELEMENTS BECOME LESS METALLIC AND MORE NON-METALLIC

  7. Representative Groups Elements in a group have SIMILAR(not identical) PROPERTIES because they have the same number of valence electrons

  8. Representative Groups ALKALI METALS (group 1): • Single valence electron • EXTREMELY REACTIVE • Reactivity increases from top to bottom It is not a metal, but Hydrogen is grouped here. Why?

  9. Representative Groups ALKALINE EARTH METALS (group 2): • TWO valence electrons • Less reactive than group 1

  10. Representative Groups BORON FAMILY (group 3A): • THREE valence electrons • FYI- Aluminum is the most abundant metal in Earth’s crust

  11. Representative Groups CARBON FAMILY (group 4A): • FOUR valence electrons • FYI- Except for water, most compounds in your body contain Carbon.

  12. Representative Groups NITROGEN FAMILY (group 5A): • FIVE valence electrons • FYI- Nitrogen and Phosphorous are used to make fertilizers.

  13. Representative Groups OXYGEN FAMILY (group 6A): • SIX valence electrons • FYI- Oxygen is the most abundant nonmetal in Earth’s crust, and Ozone is another form of oxygen.

  14. Representative Groups THE HALOGENS (group 7A): • SEVEN valence electrons • EXTREMELY REACTIVE • Reactivity increases from bottom to top • FYI- Halogen means “salt former”.

  15. Representative Groups THE NOBLE GASES (group 8A): • EIGHT valence electrons • INERT (don’t react easily) • FYI- make “neon” lights when a current is passed thru them.

  16. Journal • Color in the Periodic Table given to you and color it in according to the following LIST. Use a different color for each of the items below. • Metals • Alkali Metals • Alkaline Earth Metals • Transition Metals • Metalloids • Nonmetals • Halogens • Noble Gases

  17. 5.1 – Journal • Check your Periodic Table

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