The 8051 Microcontroller

1. The 8051 Microcontroller Chapter 9 TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES FOR PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

2. THE DEVELOPMENT CYCLE • Software Development • Hardware Development • Proceeding from concept to product - development cycle. • Debugging is needed at every step in the development cycle. • Additional activities: manufacturing, testing, distribution and marketing.

4. Software Development • Specifying software is the task of explicitly stating what the software will do • Software specification may also address details like internal condition necessary for normal operation • Designing software: two common techniques for designing software prior to coding, flowcharts and pseudo code • Editing and translation - assemble-time errors • Preliminary testing: • Run-time error • Debugger, breakpoint, single-stepping

5. Hardware Development • Specifying hardware • Designing hardware, cad software • Building the prototype • Preliminary testing: visual checks, continuity checks, DC and AC measurements

6. INTEGRATION AND VERIFICATION • We have the need for a full complement of hardware (pc development system, target system, power supply, cables) and software (monitor program, operating system, …) • Assembler, linker/locator • Cross-compiler • Librarian

7. Software Simulation • A simulator is a program that executes on the development system and imitates the architecture of the target machine

9. Hardware Emulation • A direct connection between the development system and the target system is possible through a hardware emulator • The main drawback of hardware emulators is cost

10. Execution from RAM • If the target system contains external ram configuration to overlap the external code space, then the absolute object program can be transferred or downloaded from the development system to the target system and executed in the target system Intel Hexadecimal Format • Object files contain binary codes, so they cannot be displayed or printed • Intel Hexadecimal Format is standard for storing machine language programs in a displayable or printable format

11. Conversion programs are available that receive an absolute object program as input, convert the machine language bytes to Intel hexadecimal format , and generate a hex file as output • Intel conversion utility is called OH

12. Execution from EPROM • Firmware software • The 8751 is the EPROM version of the 8051 • 2764 is general-purpose EPROM

13. The Factory Mask Process • If a final design is designated for mass production, then a cost-effective alternative to EPROM is a factory mask ROM, such as the 8051 • The 8051 VS the 8751 • Code memory can not be changed on an 8051 • The 8751 is largely economic

14. A factory mask device is cheaper than the EPROM device • A production run of 250 units or more would justify the use of the 8051 over the 8751 • 8051 VS 8031+ 2764 • Mathematically a production run of 1000 units would not justify use of the 8051, but combination 8031+2764 requires two ICs instead of one

15. COMMANDS AND ENVIRONMENTS • The central environment is the operating system on the host system • Resident commands • Transient commands • Switching environments • The basic operation of commands is to “translate”, “view” or “evoke”