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France: J. Argyriades, R. Arnold, G. Broudin, S. Jullian,

Nu_2-WP3: R&D for neutrinoless double beta decay experiments. FJPPL meeting, May 15-16 2008 Paris. F. Piquemal ( CEN Bordeaux Gradignan and Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane). France: J. Argyriades, R. Arnold, G. Broudin, S. Jullian,

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France: J. Argyriades, R. Arnold, G. Broudin, S. Jullian,

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  1. Nu_2-WP3: R&D for neutrinoless double beta decay experiments FJPPL meeting, May 15-16 2008 Paris F. Piquemal ( CEN Bordeaux Gradignan and Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane) France:J. Argyriades, R. Arnold, G. Broudin, S. Jullian, Ch. Marquet, F. Mauger, F. Piquemal, J-S Ricol, L. Simard, X. Sarazin Labs : LAL Orsay, CEN Bordeaux-Gradignan, LPC Caen, IPHC Strasbourg Japan:N. Ishihara, Y. Yamada, M. Nomachi, H. Ohsumi,H. Ejiri, K. Fushimi, R. Hazama,Y. Sugaya Labs: KEK, Osaka U., Saga U., RCNP/OSAKA, U. Tokushima, Hiroshima U.

  2. Double Beta decay: physics case - Leptonic number violation • - Nature of neutrino : Dirac (nn) or Majorana (n=n) • - Absolute neutrino mass and neutrino mass hierarchy • Right-handed current interaction • CP violation in leptonic sector • Search of Supersymmetry and new particles

  3. <mn> Light neutrino exchange <mn>,<l>,<h> (V+A) current <gM> Majoron emission l’111,l’113l’131,….. SUSY Nuclear matrix element Phase space factor -1 5 T1/2= F(Qbb,Z)|M|2<mn>2 Effective mass: <mn>= m1|Ue1|2 + m2|Ue2|2.eia1 + m3|Ue3|2.eia2 |Uei|: mixing matrix element a1 et a2: Majorana phase Neutrinoless Double Beta decay (A,Z) (A,Z+2) + 2 e- Discovery implies DL=2 and Majorana neutrino Process: parameters

  4. bb(0n) observables From G. Gratta

  5. bb(0n) observables Light neutrino exchange V+A current Minimum electron energy MeV MeV Angular distribution betwen the 2 electrons Cosq Cosq

  6. <mn> current and future limits . Klapdor claim HM Cuoricino NEMO3 Limits in 2009 HM,NEMO3, Cuoricino Expected limits 2011– 2015 CUORE,GERDA, Majorana, SuperNEMO, EXO, DCBA, CANDLEs…. Degenerated Inverted hierarchy Normal hierarchy Use of « latest NME » for all experiments

  7. Japanese – french collaboration on DBD France and Japan have several experiments or projects for double beta decay searches with tracko-calo (e- identification) or calorimeter detectors Collaboration started in 2000 on tracko-calo Common subjects: bb sources, low background, calorimeter - Sources production and purification - Very low background measurements: BiPo detector - Radon detectors - Calorimeter R&D for energy resolution improvement - Electronics - Analysis (NEMO 3)

  8. Collaborative work NEMO/SuperNEMO collaboration LAL LPC Caen CENBG IPHC NEMO3 analysis Saga U. Common R&D Radon detector LAL CENBG Saga U. Tracko-calo detector design BiPo  MOON Calorimeter Electronics LAL LPC Caen CENBG Osaka U. Tokushima U. Hiroshima U. DCBA D&D KEK

  9. Tracking detector: drift chamber (6180 Geiger cell) t = 5 mm, z = 1 cm ( vertex ) Calorimeter (1940 plastic scintillators– Low radioactive PMTs) Energy Resolution FWHM=14% (1 MeV) Shielding against gammas and neutrons Magnetic field for charge identification High radiopurity materials Identification e-,e+, Efficiency : 8% (FWHM) @ [2.7 – 3.2] MeV Running at Modane underground laboratory since 2003 sourcesthicknessmg/cm2)  Bckg E1+E2= 2088 keV t= 0.22 ns (vertex) = 2.1 mm 82Se (0,93 kg) NEMO 3: Neutrino Ettore Majorana Observatory (France, UK, Spain, Russia,USA, Japan, Czech Republic,Ukraine, Finland) Multi-source detector Unique feature:measurement of all kinematic parameters: individual energies and angular distribution E1 event e- Vertex e- E2

  10. Phase I + II 13.3 kg.yr T1/2(bb0n) > 2. 1024 yr (90 % CL) <mn> < 0.3 –0.7 eV Expected in 2009 NEMO3: bb(0n)results for 100Mo Phase I, High radon 7.6 kg.yr Phase II, Low radon 5.7 kg.yr Number of events / 40 keV Number of events / 40 keV Number of events / 40 keV [2.8-3.2] MeV: e(bb0n) = 8 % Expected bkg = 11.1 events Nobserved = 11 events [2.8-3.2] MeV: e(bb0n) = 8 % Expected bkg = 3.0 events Nobserved = 4 events [2.8-3.2] MeV: e(bb0n) = 8 % Expected bkg = 8.1 events Nobserved = 7 events T1/2(bb0n) > 5.8 1023 yr (90 % C.L.) <mn> < 0.6 – 1.3 eV Phases I + II

  11. SuperNEMO NEMO-3 150Nd or 82Se isotope 100Mo isotope massM 100-200 kg 7 kg 208Tl < Bq/kg if 82Se: 214Bi < 10 Bq/kg 208Tl: < 20 Bq/kg 214Bi: < 300 Bq/kg internal contaminations 208Tl and 214Bi in the foil energy resolution (FWHM) 8% @ 3MeV 4%@ 3 MeV T1/2() > 2 x 1024 y <m> < 0.3 – 1.3 eV T1/2() > 2 x 1026 y <m> < 50 - 90 meV From NEMO-3 to SuperNEMO M Tobs NA T1/2 () > ln 2   A N90 efficiency  ~ 30 % 8 %

  12. SuperNEMO Collaboration ~ 90 physicists, 12 countries, 27 laboratories Japan U Saga U Osaka Marocco Fes U USA MHC INL U Texas Russia JINR Dubna ITEP Mosow Kurchatov Institute UK UCL U Manchester Imperial College Finland U Jyvaskula Poland U Warsaw Ukraine INR Kiev ISMA Kharkov France CEN Bordeaux IReS Strasbourg LAL ORSAY LPC Caen LSCE Gif/Yvette Slovakia (U. Bratislava) Spain U Valencia U Saragossa U Barcelona Czech Republic Charles U Praha IEAP Praha

  13. SuperNEMO project (France, UK, Russia, Spain, USA, Japan, Czech Republic,Ukraine, Finland) Tracko-calo with 100 kg of 82Se or 150Nd (possibility to produce 150Nd with the French AVLIS facility ?) T½ > 2. 1026 yr <mn> < 0.05 – 0.09 eV Modules based on the NEMO3 principle Measurements of energy sum, angular distribution and individual electron energy 3 years R&D program: improvement of energy resolution Increase of efficiency Background reduction ……. 100 kg 20 modules 2009: TDR 2011: commissioning and data taking of first modules in Canfranc (Spain) ? 2013: Full detector running in LSM ?

  14. SuperNEMO Status - Large ScaleR&D funded by France, UK and Spain • Possibility to produce 100 kg of 150Nd with laser enrichment method under study • Test of tracker prototype and design of automatic winring robot • Prototype of BiPo detector to measure contaminations in thin source foils with 1uBq/kg sensitivity running in Modane underground laboratory (France) • 7% FWHM at 1 MeV reached for individual plastic and liquid scintillator samples. R&D towards bigger block sizes and large production scale underway - Simulations in progress

  15. 232Th 238U 212Po 214Po β (164 µs) 212Bi (60.5 mn) 214Bi (19.9 mn) α Bi-Po effect 208Pb (stable) 210Pb 22.3 y 36% 0.021% 208Tl (3.1 mn) 210Tl (1.3 mn) (300 ns) β  SuperNEMO: BiPo detector principle Radiopurity measurement of 10m² of foils (40 mg/cm²) with sensitivity in a month : < 2 µBq/kg for 208Tl and < 10 µBq/kg for 214Bi - bulk contamination 2 prototypes: BiPo1 and BiPo2 Japan involve in BiPo development based on the MOON experience MOON 1

  16. e α Design of the optical guides by MC & test bench At every step, extreme precaution with the radiopurity of the processes and the materials. SuperNEMO: BiPo II detector /15 2. BiPo II Proto 3. Prel. study 3. DAQ 4. Future sch.

  17. SuperNEMO: BiPo II detector BiPo 1 running in Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (Fréjus) BiPo2 in test In LAL Orsay, in LSM in few weeks

  18. DCBA R&D

  19. DCBA R&D

  20. DCBA R&D

  21. Summary Previous activities: - NEMO 3 analysis of 48Ca - Radon detector (sensitivity 1 mBq/m3) - Energy resolution measurement of scintillator plates at CENBG - Test of vertex localisation with MOON prototype in Osaka - Test of BiPo2 in LAL Orsay and installation of BiPo 1 in LSM - Low radioactive techniques On-going activities: - NEMO 3 analysis -bb sources - Calorimeter R&D: Energy resolution improvements and electronics - BiPo contruction, running and analysis - Low radioactive techniques

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