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The Romanization of Britain: economy, religion and empire

The Romanization of Britain: economy, religion and empire. 55 BCE Caesar invades 43 CE Claudius invades, annexes SE, Londinium founded 59-61 Boudicca revolts, kills 80k 71-83 Rome expands into Midlands , Scotland 87 Expansion ends (Agricola), Stanegate frontier developed

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The Romanization of Britain: economy, religion and empire

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  1. The Romanization of Britain: economy, religion and empire

  2. 55 BCE Caesar invades 43 CE Claudius invades, annexes SE, Londinium founded 59-61 Boudicca revolts, kills 80k 71-83 Rome expands into Midlands, Scotland 87 Expansion ends (Agricola), Stanegate frontier developed 122 Hadrian’s visit, wall construction begins 125 Forts constructed on wall 143 Antoninewall built 163 Antoninewall abandoned, retreat to Hadrian’s wall 211 Septimius Severus dies in Eboracum (York) 410 Rome abandons Britain 500 Londinium uninhabited Roman Britain:Key Dates/Events

  3. Key questions for the Roman empire: on the basis of your study of Londinium, and your readings in Shotter and the literary sources … • what impact did the Romanization of Britain have on the local economy and religious practices? • what does empire look like in a province 900 miles (~ 2 weeks) from the center? • what is daily life like for Romans and Britons in the Roman imperium?

  4. Hadrian’s WallHousesteads

  5. Hadrian’s Wall:dry moat (vallum)

  6. Housesteads Fort (Vercovicium or Borcovicium), along Hadrian’s Wall

  7. Hadrian’s wall with mile castleHousesteads Fort

  8. Hadrian’s WallChesters Fort

  9. Model, Chesters Fort

  10. Chesters Fort, Gateway

  11. Commander’s Headquarters

  12. Barracks

  13. Bath atChesters Fort

  14. Bathing Complex: Changing Room (apodyterium), Chesters Fort

  15. Bathing Complex: hot bath (caldarium), Chesters Fort

  16. Bathing Complex: drainage system, Chesters Fort

  17. Hadrian’s WallVindolanda

  18. Vindolanda • Military community largely self-contained regarding food production & storage, manufacturing & repair • Wide range of specialization – e.g., bathhouse, hospital, temple • Close contact with locals as troops patrol & communicate

  19. Vindolanda tablets:vindolanda.csad.ox.ac.uk • 700+ tablets detailing daily lives of Roman soldiers and their families • > 200 individuals named – writers & recipients, with ranks, places of origin and kinship connections

  20. Fishbourne Begun ca. 65/75, alterations until 3rdc.

  21. Fishbourne, So. England Provincial governor’s palace, 500 ft.2, > Buckingham Palace Monumental entrance, courtyards, , state rooms, reception area, gallery, private apartments, 50 mosaic floors, central heating, bathhouse, formal gardens

  22. Bath or AquaeSulis

  23. Bath Aquae Sulis

  24. Bath / Aquae Sulis

  25. Material Remains (British Museum)

  26. London Mithraeum(from Walbrook)

  27. Londinium

  28. Key questions for the Roman empire: on the basis of your study of Londinium, and your readings in Shotter and the literary sources … • what impact did the Romanization of Britain have on the local economy and religious practices? • what does empire look like in a province 900 miles (~ 2 weeks) from the center? • what is daily life like for Romans and Britons in the Roman imperium?

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