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Financial Statements

Financial Statements. The Income Statement. Crow River Investment Club www.bivio.com/crowriver. Introduction to this Series. This is first of 4 short overviews 3 Main Financial Statements: Income Statement Balance Sheet Cash Flow Statement Finally, Annual Report Worksheets

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Financial Statements

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  1. Financial Statements The Income Statement Crow River Investment Club www.bivio.com/crowriver

  2. Introduction to this Series This is first of 4 short overviews • 3 Main Financial Statements: • Income Statement • Balance Sheet • Cash Flow Statement • Finally, Annual Report Worksheets • By Bob Adams • By Paul Schneider

  3. Income Statement: The Basics • Financial analysis is about Comparison. That’s why these statements all come with more than one year of data. 2. The Income Statement (or Profit & Loss Statement) reports the income, expenses and profits for a specific period of time.

  4. Income Statement: The Basics 3. Product Companies report “Net Sales” 4. Service Companies report “Net Revenues.” 5. Net Sales & Revenues are the same thing. 6. “Net” means after the return of defective products.

  5. Income Statement: The Basics 7. Everything on the Income Statement can be expressed as a percentage and compared to competitive companies. 8. Everything on the Income Statement can be compared as a percentage to Net Sales or Revenues.

  6. Income Statement: The Basics 9. Companies are valued based on the cash produced from “core” operations (or Operating Income). 10. Focus your attention on the “core” business. What business is the company in? How much money did that business generate or cost?

  7. Income Statement: The Basics 11. Finally, be aware of income and expenses that are “not” generated from the “core” business. 12.If a company restructures, or takes one-time gains and losses annually, they are no longer “one time”, are they??

  8. The Anatomy of an Income Statement Net Sales or Revenues • Cost of Goods Sold = Gross Profit Gross Profit divided by Sales = Gross Margin, the percentage of every dollar it costs to produce sales.

  9. Comparing Business Models Let’s compare Mentor (MNTR) with Factset (FDS) 2002 annual figures: MNTR FDS Net Sales $321,062 $205,853 Cost of Sales $130,455$ 67,947 Gross Profit $190,607 $137,906 Gross Margin 59% 67% Which one has a more profitable business model?

  10. What’s Next? Other Operating Expenses, such as: • Utilities • Labor Costs • Advertising Then, Other Income & Expenses, such as: • Short-term Investments • Royalties on Patents • Payment on a Lawsuit • Foreign Exchange Rate deficit • Interest Income & Expenses

  11. The Anatomy of an Income Statement SO… Gross Profit • SG&A Expenses + Other Income • Other Expenses = Income Before Income Taxes This is an important SSG figure!

  12. Taxes? Why do we look at pre-tax income? • Companies have no control over taxes • Taxes vary from state to state • Taxes don’t show the true picture • Various industries are taxed differently • Tax credits skew year-to-year earnings Taxes have their own line on the Income Statement.

  13. The Anatomy of an Income Statement So… Income Before Taxes • Provision for Income Taxes = Net Income

  14. The Anatomy of an Income Statement And… • Net Income divided by Shares Outstanding = Earnings Per Share or EPS • Diluted Earnings Per Share: The value of each share “after” the effects of stock options and convertible shares and bonds have been taken into consideration.

  15. Income Statement Ratios Which Ratios are Important? Gross Margin: Sales – Cost of Sales div. by Sales • How profitable is this business model? • Is it more profitable than its peers? • Is it getting more profitable from year-to-year?

  16. Income Statement Ratios Which Ratios are Important? Net Margin: Net Income divided by Net Sales • Is there any money left over for the shareholders after all expenses and taxes are paid? • Is Net Margin growing from year-to-year? • How does it compare to its competitors?

  17. Income Statement & the SSG Sales - Cost of Goods Sold - SG&A Expense +Other Income - Other Expenses = Income Before Taxes • Income Taxes = Net Income (div. by Shares Outstanding) = Earnings Per Share (EPS) These are the items required on the Quarterly Data Update Screen & PERT Report

  18. A Quick Look at FactSet 2002 2001 Change Commissions $ 62,196 $ 56,462 + 10% Cash Fees $143,657 $120,226 + 19% Total Revenue $205,853 $176,688 +16.5% Cost of Services $ 67,947 $ 61,576 + 10% SG&A Expenses $ 75,084 $ 64,209 + 17% Total Op. Expenses $143,935 $125,785 + 14% Net Income $40,848 $ 33,401 + 22% Diluted EPS $ 1.17 $ .96 + 22% Shares Outstanding 34,862 34762 0%

  19. A Quick Look at FactSet 2002 2001 Total Revenue $205,853 $176,688 - Cost of Services $ 67,947$ 61,576 $137,906 $115,112 Div. By Revenues = Gross Margin 67% 65% Net Income $ 40,848 $ 33,401 Div. By Revenue = $205,853 $176,688 Net Margin 19.8% 18.9% Are they getting better!!?

  20. Next Month: The Balance Sheet The End

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