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Database Systems Toolkit

Database Systems Toolkit. DBA Tools. DBMS Toolkit. End-User Tools. Application Development Tools. Toolkit. Database Systems Toolkit. End-User Toolkit. Database Administration Toolkit. Application Development Toolkit. End-User Tools. Direct Manipulation. Natural Language. QBE

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Database Systems Toolkit

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  1. Database SystemsToolkit DBA Tools DBMSToolkit End-User Tools Application Development Tools

  2. Toolkit Database Systems Toolkit End-User Toolkit Database Administration Toolkit Application Development Toolkit

  3. End-UserTools Direct Manipulation Natural Language QBE Interfaces Command Language Interfaces Visual Query Interfaces Forms Menus Natural Language Interfaces

  4. The User Interface Human Activity System ICT System Interface Database System Dialogue

  5. Dialogue Dialogue Database System Content Control Format

  6. End-User tools • Query-By-Example Interfaces • Graphical User Interfaces and Visual Query • Natural Language Interfaces

  7. Original QBE Interface Lecturers staffNo staffName status deptName salary P. P. Computer Studies Modules moduleName level courseCode staffNo Relational Database Systems U.2

  8. Microsoft Access Query Interface

  9. A Scrollable Window in Microsoft Access

  10. Natural Language Interfaces NLI Lexical Analysis Syntactic Analysis Semantic Analysis SQL Query DBMS Natural Language Query Results Natural Language Query

  11. Summary • A user interface can be seen as a collection of dialogues between the user and the ICT system. There are a number of ways of building interfaces including menus, forms, command language, direct manipulation and natural language interfaces. • There are a number of tools that can currently connect to a relational DBMS kernel via SQL. Each of the tools enable the user to build what is effectively an SQL query in an easier manner than writing SQL itself. • Such end-user interfaces include QBE, visual query and natural language interfaces. • The main problem with all such interfaces is that it usually proves difficult to specify complex queries using these approaches. For queries of any complexity the user eventually has to resort to the specialist SQL programmer. • There are, of course, many other tools we have not considered of use to the end-user, e.g., spreadsheets, word-processors, workflow software etc. With the rise particularly of the client-server architecture the number and diversity of such products multiplies daily. All such tools will transparently build SQL queries and manage the results of such queries.

  12. DeveloperTools Embedded SQL ODBC Command-Line Integrated SQL Interfaces Call-Level Interface Lower CAISE API Upper

  13. CAISE Development Process CAISE Integrated Front-End Back-End Development Information System

  14. Application Development Tools • Command-Line SQL Interface • Application Programming Interfaces: Embedded SQL/Call-level • CAISE tools

  15. Using Embedded SQL Embedded SQL Source Database Request Module Stripped Source Precompiler Compiler Bind Object Code DBMS Library Application Plan Linker Executable Program Database

  16. ODBC Components DBMS - 1 Driver for DBMS - 1 Program Call ... Call ... Call ... Call ... ODBC Driver Program Driver for DBMS - 2 DBMS - 2 DBMS - 3 Driver for DBMS - 3

  17. Summary ·A number of different forms of interface are provided in SQL - GUIs, command-line interfaces, call-level interfaces, embedded SQL. · Command-line interfaces are historically the oldest and offer quick and effective execution of SQL commands for activities such as the testing of queries. · Embedded SQL represents a standard application programming interface for use with a range of third-generation languages. · Call-level application programming interfaces are lower-level interfaces to DBMS. ·  Many CAISE tools can be used for front-end database work or for back-end database development.

  18. DBATools Backup & Recovery Database User Security & Integrity DBMS Performance Monitoring Import & Export

  19. Database Administration Tools DBA Tools Starting/Stopping DBMS User Functions Data Archiving, Backup, Recovery Enforcing Security Ensuring Integrity Importing/Exporting Data Monitoring and Tuning Database

  20. User Functions User Functions Establishing User Groups Assigning Passwords Granting Access to Data Granting Access to DBMS Facilities

  21. Database Backup Copy Log File Database Recovery Database recovery involves the restoration of a database to a consistent state after system failure Backup Recovery

  22. Summary • ·Database administrators are responsible for the technical implementation of database systems, managing the database systems currently in use and setting and enforcing policies for their use. • ·  A range of tools are provided by contemporary DBMS to enable the administration process. These can be categorised into groups such as user-related functions, data archiving, data backup and recovery, data control, performance monitoring , enforcing security and integrity. • ·  User-related functions include assignment of user groups and passwords, granting access to DBMS facilities and granting access to databases.

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