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Plug-in and electric buses

Plug-in and electric buses. Edward Jobson. Energy use, person transports French fleet study by ADEME. City traffic. Regional traffic. Intercity traffic. 80. >2L. <2L. 60. 250-750 cc. 250-750 cc. Energy use per person (g eq petrol / passenger km). 125-250 cc. 125-250 cc. 2L. 40.

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Plug-in and electric buses

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  1. Plug-in and electric buses Edward Jobson

  2. Energy use, person transportsFrench fleet study by ADEME City traffic Regional traffic Intercity traffic 80 >2L <2L 60 250-750 cc 250-750 cc Energy use per person(g eq petrol / passenger km) 125-250 cc 125-250 cc 2L 40 1.4L 20 0 Volvo9700* Metro MC Bus Cars Volvo7700*Hybrid Bus Lightrail Regiontrains Cars MC Car Air BRT* Tram Intercitytrains High speedtrains Coach Source: ADEME, http://www2.ademe.fr/servlet/getDoc?cid=96&m=3&id=51911&p1=00&p2=12&ref=17597 * Volvo data on BRT and hybrid performance related to respective traffic conditions

  3. Well to wheel.Making and using biogas or electricity? Biomass to Biogas as fuel for the bus Biomass to Electricity as energy for the bus The electricity will drive 3 fully electric buses one year Assuming that this energy will drive one biogas bus one year 80 % more energy

  4. 7700 Diesel 25% 35% 37% 39% Fuel consumption decrease 7700 HybridField test 7700 Hybridlaunch 7900 HybridLightweight 7900 HybridElectricdoor Project start 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

  5. Diesel Hybrid 7700 Diesel: 13.7 l/h 7700 Hybrid: 9.6 l/h Saving: 4.1 l/h 7700 Diesel: 8.5 l/h 7700 Hybrid: 6.0 l/h Saving: 2.5 l/h

  6. Edward Jobson Full bus 18 tonnes Empty bus 12 tonnes Litre per acceleration X km/h Speed km/h Fuel consumption-required to reach speed… Breaking from 64 km/h= 10x breaking from 20 km/h

  7. Volvo 7900 Plug-in Hybrid Charging principles Tram March 2013 Field test Beyond Euro VI Serial Production Data 10-20 km Electric range 5-10 min Charging time Plug-in from all infrastructure Energy use 30-40% of diesel Trolley Induction Slide-in

  8. Charging infrastructure-minimising cost Bus stop with charging Bus stop without charging

  9. Electric buses

  10. Fully Electric Buses Strengths Weaknesses 1, Additional weight or frequent charging2, Additional cost or limited range 3, Low uphill performance 4, Issues with hot/cold climate5, Design impact6, Infrastructure required7, Cost for infrastructure8, No infra-structure standard9, Charge power is high 100-200 kW 1, Fully electrical2, Energy efficient (1-1.4 kWh/km)3, Silent 4, Acceptable performance in slow city traffic 10-15 km/h5, Potentially compatible with tram and trolley buses6, Price competitive to trams and trolleybuses

  11. The path towards Green Efficiency Hybrid Diesel HybridPlug-in City Bus Market Fully electric 2010 Future

  12. Optimised public transports-Daily travel BRTHybrid bus School busFully electric TrainExpress bus +bio fuel FeederHybrid bus+ plug-in Critical time ~60 minutes30-90 km/h Bus40-250 km/h Train-600 km/h Air Down townHybrid busFully electric

  13. 25% of the time the bus use 75% of the energy

  14. 50% of the time buses move10% of the distance

  15. Summary Future technology parallel development Hybrid bus + Plug-in hybrids Diesel Fully electrical buses Drivers Noise Energy efficiency Synergies with cars and trucks Environmental impact less than Euro VI already today Less dependency on oil Low infra structure requirement

  16. Back-up slides for discussion Department, Name, Document name, Security Class

  17. Why Electro mobility? • The main driver for electro mobility is “Energy Efficiency” • Linked to energy efficiency is: • Low to no tailpipe emissions • Low interior and exterior noise • Low CO2 emissions • Low LCC Drive distance with same available energy Diesel 10 Km 48 kWh Hybrid 14.2 km * Technical limitations -Range -Charge Frequency -Charging time Plug-in Hybrid 25 km * Full electric (Normal bus) 34 km * Full electric (Light bus) 44 km

  18. Green house gases Transport sector Global green house gases Stern Report

  19. Carbon dioxide emissions from power production, European countries

  20. 7700 Hybrid Yearly Fuel Saving 25 000 l/year 20 000 l/year 15 000 l/year 10 000 l/year

  21. Volvo Hybrid Technology -the myth maker

  22. No reason to wait, the 7900 Hybrid is the quantum leap we all have been waiting for 37% lower fuel consumption No emissions at the bus stop 50% lower hazardous emissions Silent take-off 8% higher capacity, 8% less buses Highest availability, highest reliability High savings both in city and in commuting The productivity (VLP) is increased by 8.3% (21% when environmental load is included)

  23. Serial hybrid* Parallel hybrid* Comparing Technologies 40% Volvo ISAM on 7700 hybrid as reported by customers 30% 20% Fuel saving % 10% 0% 50 0 10 20 30 40 60 * Commercial hybrid packages from supplier industry Average speed in route (km/h) European Bus MarketShare of buses vs route speed over full life time - Data based on 10 000 Volvo buses. 29% Fleet % 18% 18% 15% 13% 5% Average speed in route (km/h)

  24. Volvo 7700 Hybrids-in Europe Exponential market growthmore than 450 hybrid buses sold

  25. Volvo Buses EuropeanEnvironmental Costhttp://europa.eu/rapid/pressReleasesAction.do?reference=MEMO/07/594 k€ 270 Euro VI Particulates k€ 235 k€ 225 NOx CO2 Energy k€ 148 Volvo 7900 Hybrid Volvo 7900 Biogas Volvo 7900Diesel

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