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Shakespearean Sonnets

Shakespearean Sonnets. Poetry a la Shakespeare. Poetry. literature written as a form of aesthetic or artistic expression; composed in verse or language exhibiting conscious attention to patterns three main genres (types) Lyric conveys personal feelings and opinions

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Shakespearean Sonnets

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  1. Shakespearean Sonnets Poetry a la Shakespeare

  2. Poetry • literature written as a form of aesthetic or artistic expression; composed in verse or language exhibiting conscious attention to patterns • three main genres (types) • Lyric • conveys personal feelings and opinions • Does not attempt to tell a story • Dramatic • uses the dialogue of the characters involved to tell a story or portray a situation; sometimes sung • Narrative • Poetry that has a plot (story) • Epics, ballads, etc.

  3. Poetic Structure • A poem is composed of stanzas • stanza is a group of lines • Stanzas are usually separated by spaces. • Each line has a rhythmical pattern called meter. • Rhythm- the pattern of stresses in language. • Each stress is marked with either (´) for strong stresses or (˘) for weak stresses. • stresses are separated into groups called feet

  4. Figures of Speech (some) • Poetry often uses the following figures • Personification • Simile • Metaphor • Imagery • Irony • Symbolism • Pun • play on words to mean two or more things

  5. Poetic Devices (some) • Alliteration- repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words • Assonance- repetition of vowel sounds • Consonance- repetition of consonant sounds within or at the end of words • Onomatopoeia- a word that imitates the sound it represents • Rhyme- a pattern of words that contains similar sounds • Anaphora- repetition at the beginning of lines

  6. Poetic Devices, cont… • rhyme scheme –the pattern of rhyming words in a poem • internal rhyme-words within the lines of a poem rhyme • “What good is a goodbook when you can’t read?” • end rhyme, similar sounds occur at the end of the line, and different letters are assigned to each end word of each line in order to determine its rhyme scheme Roses are red. A Violets are blue. B Sugar is sweet, C And so are you. B

  7. Sonnet • a type of lyric poem • derived from Europe • in Italian, sonnet means “little song” • written to be rhythmic and structured

  8. Types of sonnets • Italian (Petrarchan)- written from about 1200-1400 • Spenserian- English, named after Edmund Spenser (c.1552–1599) • Occitan- Romance language; last known written poem in 1200 • English (Shakespearean)- introduced in 16th Century

  9. Troubadour • A strolling minstrel (musical entertainer) • A poet who would travel around singing sonnets

  10. Shakespearean Sonnet • 14 lines • divided into three quatrains (4 lines) & a couplet (2 lines) • Rhyme Scheme- • ABAB (1st quatrain) • CDCD (2nd) • EFEF (3rd) • GG (couplet)

  11. Shakespearean Sonnets • Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets • The beautiful/positive sonnets are said to be written about “The Beautiful Youth” 1-120 • The darker/negative ones are said to be written about “The Dark Lady” 121-154 • Shakespearean Sonnets always • pose a problem or question at the beginning of the sonnet • which is solved or answered by the couplet.

  12. Rhyme Scheme, cont… • Sometimes words are mispronounced in order to fit the rhyme scheme. • Shakespeare was also known to use bad grammar and make up words in order to find a rhyme or fit the meter.

  13. Sonnet Meter • Meter • Shakespearean sonnets use iambic pentameter • “iambic” foot- an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable~ “ta TUM” • five (pent) sets; total of ten syllables in each line • I found / a piece / of gum / and chewed / it up.

  14. Sonnets in Use • Shakespeare was known to use sonnet structure in his plays, so don’t be surprised if you recognize quatrains, couplets, and the ABAB rhyme scheme while reading A Midsummer Night’s Dream and Romeo and Juliet.

  15. Sonnet 18~William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? A Thou art more lovely and more temperate. B Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, A And summer's lease hath all too short a date. B Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, C And often is his gold complexion dimmed; D And every fair from fair sometime declines, C By chance, or nature's changing course, untrimmed; D But thy eternal summer shall not fade, E Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,F Nor shall Death brag thou wand'rest in his shade, E When in eternal lines to Time thou grow'st. F So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, G So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. G

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