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MHS 5340 Foundations of Career Development

MHS 5340 Foundations of Career Development. Evolution of Work, Mental Health, Family, Education, and Leisure . James P. Sampson, Jr. Florida State University. Why work?. Economic Social Psychological. Past, Present, & Future Trends. Hunter-gatherer model Men hunted, women gathered

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MHS 5340 Foundations of Career Development

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  1. MHS 5340Foundations of Career Development Evolution of Work, Mental Health, Family, Education, and Leisure James P. Sampson, Jr. Florida State University

  2. Why work? • Economic • Social • Psychological

  3. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Hunter-gatherer model • Men hunted, women gathered • Agrarian / Agricultural model • Tools needed to work farms • Trade became popular • Class development • Landowners vs. laborers

  4. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Class development • Middle class composed of merchants and very skilled craftsmen • Professions develop • Clergy • Medicine • Law

  5. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Children • Eldest son enters father’s occupation • Other sons enter varied occupations • Daughters become wives and care for children as well as work in the home and often work in the family business

  6. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Industrial Revolution • Movement of workers from farms to cities • Self-employment to working for others • Difficulty with career development in new trades • Families less helpful in guiding children • Family influence strong in deterministic society

  7. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Immigrants • New groups wanted to reinvent themselves in America • Commonality of achievement motivation • Needed education • Ability to read & write supports vibrant middle class • Still needed vocational guidance

  8. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Frank Parsons (1908) • Leader in social reform movement • Innovative practitioner and theorist • Three-part model of decision making • Self knowledge • Occupational knowledge • True reasoning

  9. Past, Present, & Future Trends • W W I • Tests developed for selection of soldiers and officers • Aptitude tests created

  10. Past, Present, & Future Trends • School guidance and work • Education and economic achievement at work allows upward mobility in social class • unprecedented social development • Guidance programs • Vocational education • College selection

  11. Past, Present, & Future Trends • W W II • Women moved into work force vacated by men • Women didn’t want to stop working after war – valued independence • Rise of women’s movement • Soldiers needed counseling for “shell shock” (now PTSD)

  12. Past, Present, & Future Trends • W W II • Soldiers needed career counseling for college major choice for post-military careers • Sputnik (1957) • Russians launch 1st satellite • Americans surprised and embarrassed • Counselors encouraged to “guide” students into math and engineering careers

  13. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Alternative ways to work • Permanent full-time • Part-time • Flextime • Overtime • Shift work • Multiple jobs

  14. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Alternative ways to work • Job sharing • Telecommuting • Independent contractor, Self-employment, Freelancer or Consultant • Contingent workforce • Outsourcing, temporary services, on-call workers, interns, co-ops

  15. Past, Present, & Future Trends • Career Education integrates the school, community and employers • Human Resource Development emerges among private, not-for-profit, and public sector employers • School-to-Work movement emerges from the career education movement • One-Stop Centers integrate public employment, training, and social services in one location

  16. Problems of Unemployment • Admundson & Borgen: • Job loss and grieving process • denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance • Job search / burnout • enthusiasm, stagnation, frustration, apathy, and further depression

  17. Work Adjustment Counseling • Work Adjustment Counseling integrates mental health counseling and career counseling • Problems working with fellow employees • Problems relating to supervisors • Problems in job performance not related to skills • Chronic unemployment

  18. Employee Assistance Programs • Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) initiated to cope with substance abuse on the job: • Absenteeism • Poor/unsafe performance • EAP’s now handle any  problem that interferes with work

  19. Employee Assistance Programs • EAP issues: • Health problems • Family • Work addiction • Anxiety • Depression

  20. Employee Assistance Programs • Service delivery: • In-house (company EAP) • Referral (contract out to EAP firm) • Less expensive to provide EAP service than to hire and train a new worker

  21. Systems Approach to Career • A system of interrelated factors affect Career Development • Three levels: • I. World events (war, economics) • II. Culture • III. Elements of work, family, education / training, and leisure

  22. Systems Approach • World and economic events may affect work, family, education, and leisure • Interventions in one life role affect other life roles • Be aware of client’s culture when considering his/her system of work, family, education, leisure

  23. Leisure • Hard work highly valued • This century has seen increase in leisure time • Better leisure = better work • People don’t always make good leisure choices

  24. Types of Leisure • Blocker & Siegal • Complementary • Supplementary • Compensatory • Supplementary and Compensatory can be the same activity

  25.  Contributions of Leisure • Challenge • Support • Structure • Feedback • Application • Integration

  26. Homework Assignment #2 • What are your leisure activities? • What types of leisure are they? • complementary, supplemental, compensatory • What  contribution does your leisure give you?

  27. For Additional Information www.career.fsu.edu/techcenter/ Thank You

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