1 / 48

Bones

Bones . Dr : Sherif Mohammed Zaki Assistant professor of anatomy Faculty of medicine Cairo university. Function of bone. Gives a specific shape to the body and provides it with a central axis. .

tadita
Download Presentation

Bones

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Bones Dr : Sherif Mohammed Zaki Assistant professor of anatomy Faculty of medicine Cairo university

  2. Function of bone

  3. Gives a specific shape to the body and provides it with a central axis.

  4. 2- Protects the vital organs, the skull protects the brain, and thoracic cage protects the heart and lungs.

  5. 3- Provides surface area for muscular attachment.

  6. 4- Forms the joints which make the important part of the locomotor system.

  7. 5-Transmits and supports the body weight. The vertebral column transmits the weight of the head and trunk to the bony pelvis then through the bones of lower limbs to the feet and lastly to the ground.

  8. 6- Forms the blood elements in the bone marrow. 7-Stores calcium salts.

  9. Classification of the bony skeleton

  10. According to their position in the body:

  11. Bony skeleton is divided into Axial skeleton: • Skull and mandible. • Ribs • Hyoid bone • Vertebral column. • Sternum & ribs Appendicular skeleton: • Bones of the upper limb. • Bones of the lower limb

  12. Axial skeleton: • Skull and mandible. • Vertebral column. • Sternum & ribs Appendicular skeleton: • Bones of the upper limb. • Bones of the lower limb

  13. Skull & mandible

  14. Hyoid bone

  15. Ribs & sternum

  16. Vertebral column

  17. According to the process of ossification

  18. l-Intramembraneous: as Clavicle, Mandible, and skull Cap.

  19. l-Intramembraneous: The bones are developed directly from connective tissue membrane (mesenchyme).

  20. 2- Intra-cartilaginous ossification: • It occurs in long bones, vertebrae, ribs and base of skull. • The connective tissue membrane (mesenchyme)is changed at first into a cartilage model.

  21. Classification of bones according to shape

  22. 1- Long bones 2- Short bones 3- Flat bones 4- Irregular bones 5- Pneumatic bones 6- Sesamoid bones

  23. 1- Long bone • Present in upper and lower limbs (appendicular skeleton). • Each bone consists of two ends called epiphysis and a shaft in between called diaphysis.

  24. 1- Long bone • Present in upper and lower limbs (appendicular skeleton). • Each bone consists of two ends called epiphysis and a shaft in between called diaphysis.

  25. Carpal bones (in hand) 1- Long bones 2- Short bones 3- Flat bones 4- Irregular bones 5- Pneumatic bones 6- Sesamoid bones

  26. Tarsal bones (in foot). 1- Long bones 2- Short bones 3- Flat bones 4- Irregular bones 5- Pneumatic bones 6- Sesamoid bones

  27. Scapula 1- Long bones 2- Short bones 3- Flat bones 4- Irregular bones 5- Pneumatic bones 6- Sesamoid bones

  28. Sternum 1- Long bones 2- Short bones 3- Flat bones 4- Irregular bones 5- Pneumatic bones 6- Sesamoid bones

  29. Skull 1- Long bones 2- Short bones 3- Flat bones 4- Irregular bones 5- Pneumatic bones 6- Sesamoid bones

  30. Vertebrae 1- Long bones 2- Short bones 3- Flat bones 4- Irregular bones 5- Pneumatic bones 6- Sesamoid bones

  31. 5- pneumatic bone

  32. 6- Sesamoid bone (patella)

  33. Bones of upper limb

  34. Bones of upper • Bones of the shoulder girdle: Clavicle: anteriorly. Scapula: posteriorly. • (ii) Bones of the arm: humerus. • (iii) Bones of the forearm: Radius: laterally. Ulna: medially.

  35. Bones of upper • (iv) Skeleton of the hand: Carpal bones: in the wrist. Metacarpal bones: in the palm. Phalanges: in the fingers.

  36. Bones of lower limb

  37. Bones of lower limb • (i) Bones of the Pelvic girdle:Hip bone. • (ii) Bones of the thigh: femur. • (iii) Bones of the leg: Fibula: laterally. Tibia: medially.

  38. Bones of lower limb • Skeleton of the foot: Tarsal bones: in the foot. Metatarsal bones: in the plantar. Phalanges: in the toes.

  39. Bony skeleton is divided into Axial skeleton: • Skull and mandible. • Vertebral column. • Sternum & ribs Appendicular skeleton: • Bones of the upper limb. • Bones of the lower limb

More Related