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Wish Agreement

Wish Agreement. Tense agreement in conditional statements.

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Wish Agreement

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  1. Wish Agreement

  2. Tense agreement in conditional statements My father wished he could have finished high school when he was young, but he had to go to work to support his family instead.  When I was born, he wished that I would not only finish high school but also go to college. He worked hard to send me to college. I managed to graduate with honors.  Now, I have a child and I wish that he will go to college.  I encourage him to work hard.  I wish he would understand how hard his grandfather and father have worked to give him a good life. He doesn't comprehend it right now, but I hope he will when he is older.

  3. Hypothetical Wish – Past Agreement A PAST WISH ABOUT AN EARLIER EVENT A PAST WITH ABOUT AN PAS EVENT WISHED + PAST PERFECT Use “had gone” or “would go” My father wished he had gone to college. (I regret he didn't.) My father wished that I went to college A PAST WISH ABOUT A FUTURE EVENT WISHED WOULD + VERB   ( Action may or may not happen.) My father wished that I would go to graduate school.

  4. Hypothetical Wish – Present Agreement A PRESENT WISH ABOUT AN EARLIER EVENT A PRESENT WISH ABOUT A PRESENT EVENT WISH + PAST PERFECT WISH + PAST I wish father had understood my appreciation.(I regret he didn't.) I wish my son understood his grandfather's efforts. (He doesn't.) A PRESENT WISH ABOUT A FUTURE EVENT WOULD + VERB  ( Action may or may not happen.) I wish my son would understand the importance of hard work.

  5. A Wish (that may become true) A Wish (that may become true) WISHED TO +VERB My father wishedto go to college. (Maybe he did.) A PRESENT WISH ABOUT A FUTURE EVENT WISH TO +VERB  cannot use an indirect object I wishto go to graduate school. (Maybe I will.)

  6. Wishes Followed by a That-Clause or an Infinitive Phrase

  7. GERUNDS & INFINITIVES

  8. Gerunds Gerund adalahkatabenda yang berasaldarikatakerjaditambah–ing, misalnyaswimming, eating, fishing, shopping, dancing, dansinging. Biladiperhatikan, gerund mempunyaibentuk yang samadenganpresent participle, bedanyagerund berfungsisebagaikatabenda, sedangkanpresent participlesebagaikatasifat yang menerangkankatabenda. Dalamkalimat, gerund berfungsisebagai:a. subjek (subject)b. pelengkapsubjek (subjective complement)c. objeklangsung (direct object)d. objekpreposisi (object of preposition)e. aposisi (appositive)

  9. Subject Subjective Complement Gerund sebagai subjek pokok kalimat, contoh: Gerundsebagai pelengkap subjek dalam kalimat biasanya selalu didahului to be yang terletak di antara subject dan subjective complement, contoh: - Swimmingis good service.- Your singingis very beautiful.- Studyingneeds time and patience.- Playingtennis is fun.- ReadingEnglish is easier than speaking it. - My favorite sport is running.- My favorite activity is reading Direct Object Gerund sebagai objek langsung dalam kalimat, contoh: - I enjoydancing.- She likes dancing.- Thank you for your coming.- I hate arguing.

  10. Object of Preposition Gerund sebagai objek preposisi yang terletak setelah preposisi. Preposisi yang sering dipakai adalah of, on, no, with, without, at for, after, before, because of, to, like, about, for, by, in.Contoh: - He is tired of gambling.- I am fond of eatingbakso.- He insisted on seeingher.- I have no objection to hearing your story. Appositive Gerund sebagai aposisi atau penegas dalam kalimat, contoh: - My hobby, fishing, is interesting.- I do not like quarrelling, a useless job.

  11. INFINITIVE Infinitive adalahverbal berbentukkatakerjadasar yang umumnyaditambahto didepannya, misalnyato eat, to say, to run, to work, to study.Sepertihalnyadengangerund, infinitive pun dapatberfungsisebagaikatabenda (noun). Bedanya, penggunaaninfinitive lebihluasdaripadagerund yang hanyaberfungsisebagaikatabenda. Infinitive mempunyaitigafungsi, yaitusebagaikatabenda (noun), katasifat (adjective), dankataketerangan (adverb).

  12. Infinitive sebagai kata benda (noun) - To sayis easy but to do is difficult.- To understand English is not an easy job.- To dry an ocean is nonsense. Infinitive sebagai kata sifat (adjective) - I have no time to go.- The desire to success is strong in youth.- I have had the money to pay this ticket. Infinitive sebagai kata keterangan (adverb) - I come to meet you.- We read to get new information.

  13. Present perfect

  14. We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now. The exact time is not important. You CANNOT use the Present Perfect with specific time expressions such as: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, etc. We CAN use the Present Perfect with unspecific expressions such as: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, etc.

  15. Example : I have seen that movie twenty times. I think I have met him once before. There have been many earthquakes in California. People have traveled to the Moon. People have not traveled to Mars. Have you read the book yet? Nobody has ever climbed that mountain. A: Has there ever been a war in the United States?B: Yes, there has been a war in the United States.

  16. You can use the Present Perfect to describe your experience. It is like saying, "I have the experience of..." You can also use this tense to say that you have never had a certain experience. The Present Perfect is NOT used to describe a specific event. Examples: I have been to France.This sentence means that you have had the experience of being in France. Maybe you have been there once, or several times. Ihave been to France three times.You can add the number of times at the end of the sentence. I have never been to France.This sentence means that you have not had the experience of going to France. I think I have seen that movie before. He has never traveled by train. Joan has studied two foreign languages. A: Have you ever met him?B: No, I have not met him.

  17. Simple Past

  18. Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind. [VERB+ed] or irregular verbs

  19. Examples: I saw a movie yesterday. I didn'tsee a play yesterday. Last year, I traveled to Japan. Last year, I didn'ttravel to Korea. Didyou have dinner last night? She washed her car. He didn't wash his car. I saw a movie yesterday. I didn't see a play yesterday. Last year, I traveled to Japan. Last year, I didn't travel to Korea. Did you have dinner last night? She washed her car. He didn't wash his car.

  20. We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on. Examples: I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00. Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs? We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on. Examples: I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00. Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs? We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on. Examples: I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim. He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00. Did you add flour, pourin the milk, and then add the eggs?

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