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The Atmosphere Section 3: Atmospheric Pressure and Winds

The Atmosphere Section 3: Atmospheric Pressure and Winds. Mrs. Mannel Earth Science. Why Air Moves. Wind is moving air that is created by differences in air pressure The greater the pressure is, the faster the wind moves

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The Atmosphere Section 3: Atmospheric Pressure and Winds

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  1. The AtmosphereSection 3: Atmospheric Pressure and Winds Mrs. Mannel Earth Science

  2. Why Air Moves • Wind is moving air that is created by differences in air pressure • The greater the pressure is, the faster the wind moves • Differences in air pressure is created by uneven heating of the Earth (warm air rises, cooler air is more dense and sinks)

  3. Pressure Belts

  4. Coriolis Effect • The movement of wind is affected by the rotation of the Earth • The Coriolis Effect is the curving of moving objects by the Earth’s rotation • NH – to the right • SH – to the left

  5. Types of Winds • There are two main types of winds: Local and global winds Local winds move over short distances Global winds are part of a pattern of air circulation

  6. Trade Winds • In both hemispheres, the trade winds blow from the equator to 30 degrees latitude • Early traders used these winds to sail from Europe to the America on “trade routes”

  7. The Doldrums/Horse Latitudes • Where the trades meet from the Northern and Southern hemisphers at a low pressure center • They are named the doldrums because there is very little wind • The are also known as the horse latitudes because this is the area where ships would get stuck and throw their horses overboard to save drinking water

  8. Westerlies • Westerlies are wind belts in the NH and SH between 30 and 60 degrees latitude Polar Easterlies • Wind belts that extend from 60 degrees latitude to the poles • Formed from cold sinking air

  9. Jet Streams • Jet Streams are narrow belts of high speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere • They often change direction and can reach speeds of 500 km/hr • Jet streams DO NOT follow regular paths around the Earth

  10. Local Winds • Local winds are influenced by the geography of the land • Shorelines and mountains can produce local winds

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