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Classifying Plants

Unit 6 : Lesson 1. Classifying Plants. Plant origins….

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Classifying Plants

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  1. Unit 6 : Lesson 1 Classifying Plants

  2. Plant origins… • The ancestors of all plants are believed to be similar to the plant-like protists, green algae. Algae is unicellular or multicellular, with no roots, stems or leaves. Because they live in water, algae do not need sophisticated transport systems, either. All of that changed when plants moved from water to land!

  3. Big Ideas in This Lesson • In this lesson, you will follow the evolutionary adaptations of plants as they moved onto land. You will see how plants were able to exploit more diverse environments by developing a vascular system, seeds, and ultimately, flowers & fruit.

  4. Assignment • Read p. 522-530 in your text. • Add/integrate any new information or diagrams into your notes.

  5. A. Specialized Transport Structures I. Non-Vascular Plants • lack a vascular (transport) system and have no or poorly developed roots, stems and leaves • small, delicate; grow in moist environments • limited in size and the type of environment in which they can live

  6. A. Specialized Transport Structures II. Vascular Plants • have specialized transport tissue called vascular tissue • carries water, minerals and sugars to all parts of the plant • less limited in size and the type of environment in which they can live • have roots, stems, and leaves

  7. B. Embryo Protection I. Seedless Plants • Two groups of seedless plants: non-vascular plants and seedless vascular plants • Seedless vascular have roots, stems, and leaves and include ferns and horsetails • Spores dispersed by wind and rain • Sperm are flagellated, requiring a moist environment

  8. B. Embryo Protection II. Seed Plants • seeds are small embryonic plants (sperm and egg have already fused from pollination) • Typical seed has: 1) an embryo,2) a supply of nutrients and 3) a protective seed coat • Seeds provide: 1) nourishment for the embryo, 2) dispersal to new locations, and 3) dormancy during unfavourable conditions

  9. C. Seed Protection I. Gymnosperms • Gymnosperms [Greek for "naked seeds"] are vascular plants that produce seeds that are notprotected by fruit but are hidden (usually in a woody cone). • They do not have flowers but most retain their leaves year round.

  10. C. Seed Protection II. Angiosperms • Angiosperms [“enclosed seeds”] are vascular plants that produce flowersand fruitwith one or more seeds. • Make up more than 80% of all plant species. • They consist of two classes, depending on whether they have one or two embryonic seed leaves (cotyledons) inside the seed: they are called monocotyledonsand dicotyledons, respectively.

  11. D. Seed Leaves (Cotyledons) I. Monocotyledons

  12. Monocot Seedling

  13. D. Seed Leaves (Cotyledons) II. Dicotyledons

  14. Dicot Seedling

  15. The End!

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