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PSY3204 Psychology & Law

PSY3204 Psychology & Law. Introduction. Recommended texts: Howitt, (2002) Forensic & Criminal Psychology. Prentice-Hall: Harlow. Memon, Vrij & Bull (2003) Psychology & Law. Wiley: Chichester. McEwan (2003) The Verdict of the Court. Hart: Oxford.

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PSY3204 Psychology & Law

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  1. PSY3204 Psychology & Law Introduction PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  2. Recommended texts: Howitt, (2002) Forensic & Criminal Psychology. Prentice-Hall: Harlow. Memon, Vrij & Bull (2003) Psychology & Law. Wiley: Chichester. McEwan (2003) The Verdict of the Court. Hart: Oxford. Innes (2003) Understanding Social Control. OUP: Maidenhead PSY3204: Psychology & Law PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  3. Introduction Rule Breaking The criminal personality Testimony Jury decision-making Visit to Exeter Crown Court Policing and Psychology Forensic Psychology Crime and gender Reform of the Legal System PSY3204: Psychology & Law PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  4. What relevance has crime to Psychology? Sociological approach Developmental approach Learning and social learning Biological and evolutionary Cognitive Trait and Type approaches PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  5. Decision to commit a crime Decision to report crime by victim or witness Decision by police to investigate crime Decision to prosecute offender Organisation of evidence Presentation of evidence in court Judicial and jury decision-making Sentencing decisions PSY3204: Psychology & Law PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  6. Based on unwritten constitution defined by: Magna Carta (1215 AD) Bill of Rights (1688 AD) Act of Settlement (1700 AD) Adversarial legal system Prosecution must disclose relevant information to defence Defence may keep certain evidence confidential until trial Criminal Justice System (England & Wales) PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  7. Common Law system Evolves according to decisions made in individual cases Originates in 5th century Formalised after 1066AD Norman invasion Judicial circuits “Circuit Judge” system still in place today Dissemination of decisions crucial to system First ‘Law Reports’ published and circulated in 1283 Criminal Justice System (England & Wales) PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  8. Government agrees to establish laws and regulations that are just and fair and to ensure that population abide by these rules Control crime using enforcement, imposition of penalties etc. Populace agree to abide by law, not to take law into own hands etc. If popular perception is that contract is broken, anarchy may result (e.g. Poll Tax riots, civil disobedience arising from Council Tax increases, hunting ban) Perceptions of fairness, legitimacy depend on a range of factors Social Contract PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  9. Recorded Crime: 1918-2000 17% fall 17% fall 5.5% growth rate PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  10. Who has committed a crime? Opportunity 26% of active offenders (or 2% of population) commit approximately 82% of offences (BCJS, 2003) Recidivism ‘Real’ criminals Who commits crime? PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  11. Attrition within the Criminal Justice System PSY3204 Psychology & Law

  12. Prevalence Rates for offending in Five Countries (%) PSY3204 Psychology & Law

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