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ICT 106 - PROGRAMMING

ICT 106 - PROGRAMMING. INTRODUCTION. WHAT & WHY PROGRAMMING. Programming is a process of developing computer programs Computer program is a set of instructions that run computer hardware to solve various problems

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ICT 106 - PROGRAMMING

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  1. ICT 106 - PROGRAMMING INTRODUCTION

  2. WHAT & WHY PROGRAMMING • Programming is a process of developing computer programs • Computer program is a set of instructions that run computer hardware to solve various problems • We still do programming because not all business or real world problems are having ready-made software • Sometimes we need to customize the current available software to fit into our problems

  3. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES • In order to prepare programs we need programming languages • They are classified in two basic criteria • generation: machine language - productivity • how they are developed: procedural – object oriented • Specific languages solve specific problems although there are languages used to solve a variety of problems

  4. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE BY GENERATION • Machine language: close to the machine and far a way from human beings • Assembly language: use mnemonic for instructions, still far away from human beings • High level languages • Procedural: tell a computer how to do • Productivity: tell a computer what to do

  5. HOW TO PREPARE A PROGRAM • Understand the problem very well • List down broad steps on how to solve it • Refine the steps to the simplest steps • Identify all controls, conditions and other requirements of the solution • One can use dfd or flow charts • Choose a programming language that befits the problem • Translate the steps into that language

  6. SHOPLIST OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES • COBOL • BASIC • Pascal • C • C++ • Java • Php • FORTRAN • etc. • Some are general while others are for scientific applications

  7. SOURCE CODE vs OBJECT CODE • Set of instructions as written by a programmer is known as source code • If the source code is compiled i.e. changed into machine code it is known as object code • Source code is changed into object code by two different systems: • compiler – converts the entire program then checks bugs • interpreter – converts one after another and reports bugs linewise

  8. SOLUTION OF A QA • Rewrite the equation as ax2+bx+c=0 • Read the coefficients a, b, c • Check if a # 0 • Compute Q=b2-4ac • Check if Q is <0 or =0 or >0 and decide accordingly • Compute the value of x when Q is 0 or >0 • You are done

  9. AREA OF A TRIANGLE • Read the sides of a triangle l1, l2, l3 • Compute s as (l1+l2+l3)/2 • Area=SQRT(s(s-l1)(s-l2)(s-l3)) • Translate this into any programming language that allows mathematical operations

  10. SUMMARY OF ICT 106 • Overview of IT • Computer hardware • Computer software • operating systems • word processing • spreadsheets • database management systems • Programming

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