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Tobin Marks and Mark Ratner Northwestern University DMR-0353831

Tobin Marks and Mark Ratner Northwestern University DMR-0353831. Twisted π -Electron “Super Chromophores” for Electro-Optics. Electro-optic materials based on molecular π -electron chromophores offer the exciting promise of enabling ultra-high

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Tobin Marks and Mark Ratner Northwestern University DMR-0353831

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  1. Tobin Marks and Mark Ratner Northwestern University DMR-0353831 Twisted π-Electron “Super Chromophores” for Electro-Optics Electro-optic materials based on molecular π-electron chromophores offer the exciting promise of enabling ultra-high speed optical data transmission and processing. A joint theoretical + synthetic effort by Mark Ratner and Tobin Marks at Northwestern University, in collaboration with researchers at the University of Milano and the University of Perugia in Italy, and the University of Leuven in Belgium, has demonstrated a new concept for chromophore design in which the key materials parameter, , the molecular hyperpolarizability, is maximized by twisting from planarity a π-electron system connecting donor and acceptor substituents. In the accompanying figure, the hyperpolarizability multiplied by the dipole moment () is the quantity measured and is normalized for the molecular weight of the chromophore, Mw. The largest response measured for a twisted chromophore ( = -488,000x 10-48 esu) is ca. 20x grater than that of any previously reported molecular chromophore. Worldwide progress in the development of chromophores having exceptionally large molecular hyperpolarizabilities.

  2. Tobin Marks and Mark Ratner Northwestern University DMR-0353831 Twisted π-Electron “Super Chromophores” for Electro-Optics 1000 Northwestern 943.3 esu) C N 2005 N C N 800 -48 t - B u Northwestern O 570 N 600 t - B u 2005 at 1907 nm (10 - B u M e S i O t 400 2 N B u B u M e i O - S t 2 Worldwide progress in the development of chromophores having exceptionally large Molecular hyperpolarizabilities. O N C N B u N C C N N C u B C N N O N C S u B C N 200 S O w 45.7 N C N C N N O /M 2 N M e N N 27.1 2 2000 25.5 N C 1996 2.1 1993 mb 1987 Northwestern 0 57.8 2005 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Year

  3. Broader Impact of this Research DMR-0353831 Technological and Commercial Applications contacts underway with four major corporations interested in high-speed communications hardware International Collaborations This is joint work with Leuven (Belgium), Milano ( Italy), and Perugia (Italy). In a joint project with Cork (Ireland), we are investigation the generality of this twist-controlled hyperpolarizability enhancement

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