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AIM: How does the Endocrine System achieve regulation?

AIM: How does the Endocrine System achieve regulation?. DO NOW:. Define regulation. HW:. Textbook pgs. Pgs621 -627 p. 621 vocab and Q’s 1-4. WHAT IS REGULATION ?. COORDINATION & CONTROL OF LIFE ACTIVITIES. ACHIEVED BY BOTH: ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER.

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AIM: How does the Endocrine System achieve regulation?

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  1. AIM: How does the Endocrine System achieve regulation? DO NOW: Define regulation. HW: Textbook pgs. Pgs621 -627 p. 621 vocab and Q’s 1-4

  2. WHAT IS REGULATION? • COORDINATION & CONTROL OF LIFE ACTIVITIES. • ACHIEVED BY BOTH: ENDOCRINE & NERVOUS SYSTEMS WORKING TOGETHER

  3. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM • CONSIST OF GLANDS • GLANDS WORK TOGETHER TO MAINTAIN STABLE INTERNAL BALANCE. How?? • PERMIT ANIMALS TO RESPOND TO INTERNAL and EXTERNAL CHANGES.

  4. ENDOCRINE GLANDS are glands that secrete their product directly into the bloodstream rather than through a duct

  5. Hormones Are chemical messengers that carries a signal from one cell (or group of cells) to another via the blood

  6. Hormones regulate the function of their target cells A hormone receptor is a receptor protein on the surface of a cell or in its interior that binds to a specific hormone

  7. AIM: How do the glands of the Endocrine System maintain homeostasis? Textbook pgs. 621-625 vocab and Q’s 1-4 HW:

  8. DO NOW: A characteristic of hormones and enzymes that allows them to work effectively with other organic molecules is their • specific shape • small size • concentration of carbon and hydrogen atoms • high-energy bonds

  9. Which substances are found on cell surfaces and respond to nerve and hormone signals? • starches and simple sugars • subunits of DNA • vitamins and minerals • receptor molecules

  10. PROCESSES THAT ARE REGULATED BY HORMONAL ACTIVITY 1. OVERALL METABOLISM 2. MAINTENANCE OF HOMEOSTASIS 3. GROWTH 4. REPRODUCTION

  11. E N D O C R I N E G L A N D S

  12. HYPOTHALAMUS is located just above the brain stem Controls the pituitary gland

  13. The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, thirst, fatigue and anger

  14. PITUITARY GLAND • CALLED THE “MASTER GLAND” • MAKES HORMONES THAT INFLUENCE OTHER GLANDS • LOCATED AT BASE OF THE BRAIN

  15. about the size of a pea The pituitary gland secretes hormones regulating homeostasis

  16. Hormones produced by the Pituitary Gland • Growth hormone • Prolactin - to stimulate milk production after giving birth • ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) - to stimulate the adrenal glands

  17. 4. TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) - to stimulate the thyroid gland 5. FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) - to stimulate the ovaries and testes 6. LH (luteinizing hormone) - to stimulate the ovaries or testes 7. Oxytocin –stimulates the contractions of the uterus during birth

  18. THYROID GLAND Located between the larynx & the trachea The thyroid is one of the largest endocrine glands in the body

  19. The thyroid controls how quickly the body burns energy (called _________), makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones metabolism Hormones Produced: • Thyroxin • Calcitonin

  20. THYROXIN Calcitonin REGULATES THE BLOOD CALCIUM LEVEL REGULATES THE RATE OF METABOLISM IN THE BODY

  21. PARATHYROIDGLANDS produces parathormone PATCHES OF TISSUE EMBEDDED IN THE THYROID GLAND REGULATES CALCIUM & PHOSPHATE METABOLISM

  22. ADRENALGLANDS SIT ON TOP OF THE KIDNEYS Hormones Produced: Cortisol and Adrenaline They are chiefly responsible for regulating the stress response

  23. AIM: How do the glands of the Endocrine System maintain homeostasis? DAY 2 DO NOW: Complete matching column worksheet HW: Handout

  24. Adrenaline Epinephrine is a "fight or flight" hormone, and plays a central role in the short-term stress reaction. It is released from the adrenal glands when danger threatens or in an emergency. It increases blood pressure and blood sugar levels

  25. Nor-epinephrine ???? Stimulates reverse reaction of epinephrine

  26. Pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine functions Exocrine -> secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine Endocrine -> secretes hormones into the bloodstream

  27. The pancreas is a gland/ organ in the digestive and endocrine system Contains cells called Islets of Langerhans

  28. Hormones Produced CONTROLS CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM a. Insulin • THIS SECRETION IS CONTROLLED BY THE CONCENTRATION OF GLUCOSE IN THE BLOOD • DECREASES BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL

  29. b. Glucagon INCREASE BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL PROMOTES THE CONVERSION OF STORED SUGAR (GLYCOGEN) TO GLUCOSE IN THE LIVER

  30. Ovary/Ovaries • An ovary is an egg-producing organ found in female organisms. • It is found in pairs as part of the female reproductive system. • Ovaries in females are homologous to testes in males.

  31. Hormones Produced: Estrogen & Progesterone • Stimulates: • production of follicles (future egg cells) • onset of secondary sex characteristics (broaden hips & breasts) • Works with Estrogen to REGULATE the female menstrual Cycle

  32. TESTES • Located outside the body cavity in the scrotum • Functions - • Production of sperm cells • Production of male hormone >>>>> Testosterone Stimulates the male reproductive system onset of secondary sex characteristics Ex. Deeper Voice & Facial Hair

  33. AIM: How do hormones work? DO NOW: Handout Endocrine system handout (feed back mechanism) HW:

  34. Dynamic equilibrium or homeostasis results from the ability of organisms to detect and respond to stimuli. with the help of FEEDBACK MECHANISMS    A feedback mechanism is a process where the level of one substance or activity of an organ/structure influences another substance or structure in some manner.

  35. Temperature Homeostasis • Humans maintain a relatively constant body temperature of about 37° C. • when we "heat up" we sweat if possible • the evaporation of this perspiration returns the body to its original temperature • When we are too cold we shiver

  36. Homeostasis by Plants Maintenance of Water

  37. Aim: How can the Endocrine System malfunction? Do Now: review book HW: Castle learning (Endocrine system)

  38. Hyposecretion When there is not enough of a particular hormone being secreted creating a deficiency Undersecretion

  39. Hypersecretion A release of an excessive amount of a particular hormone Oversecretion

  40. Acromegaly (ak–ro–MEG–ah–lee): Disorder in which the pituitary overproduces growth hormone, resulting in abnormal enlargement of the extremities—nose, jaw, fingers, and toes; in children, the disorder produces gigantism.

  41. Normal Women’s Hand Women’s hands with An Endocrine disorder Called agromegaly.

  42. Gigantism Disorder in children in which the pituitary overproduces growth hormone, resulting in abnormal enlargement of the extremities (nose, jaw, fingers, and toes) and the long bones, causing unusual height. Robert Wadlow 8’ 11”

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