Sexually Transmitted Diseases

1. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

3. Vocabulary • STD/ STI • Monogamy • Viral • Bacterial • Symptomatic • Asymptomatic • Abstinence • Infertility

4. Chlamydia  What is it? • Most common bacterial STD in the US • Similar to Gonorrhea How is it transmitted? • Sexual intercourse • Possible from mother to baby during delivery Symptoms – Silent Destruction •  1. Asymptomatic (60-80%) •  2. Fever, weight loss, swollen glands, fatigue, diarrhea •  2. Discharge – clear, white, grayish •  3. Genital Itching, burning, swelling •  4. Dysuria (burning upon urination) •  5. Destruction of the Reproductive System

5. Chlamydia Complications •  1. Testicular infection •  2. Infertility •  3. PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease) •  4. Conjunctivitis in newborns Treatment •  1. If detected early, easily cured with antibiotics

6. Gonorrhea What is it? •  1. Very common bacterial STD •  2. If untreated, it can infect the reproductive system, eyes and throat How is it transmitted? •  1. Sexual intercourse •  2. Mother to baby during delivery Symptoms •  1. Discharge – yellowish green •  2. Genital Itching •  3. Dysuria (burning upon urination) •  4. Often Symptomatic •  5. Symptoms may occur within 3-5 days

7. Gonorrhea Complications •  1. PID •  2.Testicular infection--can require surgical removal •  3. Infertility •  4. Arthritis •  5. Conjunctivitis in newborns •  6. Meningitis (inflammation of brain lining) •  7. Endocarditis (inflammation of the heart lining) Treatment •  1. Easily cures with antibiotics

8. Gonorrhea

9. Syphilis What is it? •  1. Bacterial infection •  2. Carried by the bloodstream to central nervous system and organs •  3. Can cause serious complications How is it transmitted? •  1. Direct contact with sore, lesion, or moist rash •  2. Usually sexual intercourse •  3. Moist kisses if lesions are on the mouth or lips •  4. Pregnant women to their babies •  5. Infected needles

10. Syphilis Symptoms •  1. Primary • painless lesions (10-19 days) • Painful sore (chancre) appears at the spot where the bacteria entered the body. • May last 5 weeks, will heal on it's own • On a female, this is typically internal and can't be seen. • 2. Secondary • rash, hair loss, inflammation of lymphs, nickel- and dime-sized lesions • fever/sore throat, mucus patches in the mouth • 3. Latent • All symptoms disappear and person thinks they are cured • Without treatment, bacteria begins to damage brain, central nervous system, major organs, bones, joints • 4. Tertiary • Signs of internal damage show up 10-30 years later

11. Syphilis Complications •  1. Paralysis •  2. Central Nervous System Disorders •  3. Deterioration of the skin •  4. Blindness •  5. Heart attacks Treatment •  1. Penicillin

12. Syphilis

13. Scabies What is it? •  1. Contagious Skin Disease •  2. Caused by infestation of mites (tiny bugs) •  3. Mites burrow under the skin How is it transmitted? •  1. Close physical contact • sexual intercourse • sleeping in the same bed •  2. Improper hygiene Prevention •  1. No certain prevention, avoid unsanitary environments Symptoms •  1. Painful itching •  2. Reddish, zigzagged furrows around genital areas, buttocks, between fingers, elbows and wrists, underarms, or feet

14. Scabies Complications •  1. Infestation can be very painful •  2. Scratching can worsen infestation •  3. Dangerous for people with HIV Treatment •  1. Over-the-counter creams

15. Scabies

16. Crabs/Pubic Lice What is it? •  1. Tiny, whitish-gray or rust colored parasites •  2. Thrive in pubic hair •  3. Attach their eggs to hair shafts How is it transmitted? •  1. Close physical contact – especially sexual intercourse •  2. Using bedding and clothing that has been used by an infected person Prevention •  1. No certain prevention – proper hygiene Symptoms •  1. Crabs are visible as they move •  2. Scratching may result in skin infections •  3. Small, blue spots or bite marks •  4. Fever

17. Crabs/Pubic Lice Complications •  1. Scratching may result in skin infections Treatment •  1. Lotions and shampoos •  2. All clothing or linens should be washed with hot water and bleached to prevent reappearance

18. Crabs/Pubic Lice

19. Trichomoniasis What is it? •  1. Caused by microscopic parasite •  2. Causes infections of the vagina, urethra and bladder •  3. 7.4 million new cases each year How is it transmitted? •  1. Sexual intercourse •  2. Infected washcloths and towels •  3. To baby during delivery Symptoms •  1. Females • Inflammation of the vagina • Mild urethral itching or discharge and burning during urination • Itching and burning •  2. Males • Typicallyasymptomatic

20. Trichomoniasis Complications •  1. Youdon’tknowyouhaveit but youcanspreadit •  2. Increasesthechancesoftransmitting HIV Treatment •  1. Prescriptiondrug

21. Trichomoniasis

22. Genital Herpes(Herpes Simplex II) What is it? •  1. Viral Infection •  2. Causes painful/blistery sores in genital and/or anal areas How is it transmitted? •  1. Sexual Intercourse •  2. Mother to child during vaginal birth •  3. Most contagious when open sores are present •  4. highly contagious Symptoms •  1. Begins with tingling or burning of genitals •  2. Small, red bumps – turn to blisters in or around genitals •  3. Swollen lymph glands, fever and headaches •  4. Aching muscles, fever and headaches

23. Genital Herpes Complications •  1. Painful – can be managed •  2. Sores disappear but return (especially at times of high stress) •  3. Women – increases the risk of cervical cancer • 4. Conjunctivitis Treatment •  1. No cure!!! •  2. Anti-viral treatment eases pain

24. Genital Herpes

25. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)Genital Warts What is it? • Most common STD in the US • 5.5 million new cases each year • 3 of 4 Americans between ages of 15 and 49 have been infected with HPV •  Virus How is it transmitted? •  1. Spread skin to skin during sexual intercourse •  2. Not present in blood or semen Symptoms •  1. Hard, fleshy, cauliflower-like warts •  2. Itching and bleeding •  3. Some warts may be where you can't see them, or may be too small to see. •  3. Some are asymptomatic, but carry the virus

26. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)Genital Warts Complications •  1. Extreme discomfort •  2. Can complicate childbirth •  3. PID--infertility •  4. Increases risk of Cervical Cancer Treatment •  1. No known cure •  2. Can cut out or burn off warts but they can return and infect larger areas

27. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)Genital Warts

28. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) What is it? • Virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) • 1 million people in the US have HIV or AIDS •  34 million people worldwide How is it transmitted? • Sexual Intercourse--exchange of fluids • Sharing needles • Breast milk • Mother to baby through umbilical cord Symptoms •  1. Some people have mild, flu-like symptoms •  2. Many are asymptomatic •  3. Only way to know is to be tested

29. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Complications •  AIDS • Kaposi's sarcoma • pneumonia Treatment •  1. Anti-viral therapy •  2. Combinations of many drugs to inhibit HIV virus