Water Lesson 2

1. Water Lesson 2 • Learning outcomes: • To understand how the water cycle works. • To find out about the distribution of rainfall • To identify places in the world and recognise that some places receive more rainfall than others. • Information for teachers can be found in the notes section at the bottom of each slide. MarilynWebster

2. The water cycle Over 2/3rds of the earth’s surface is covered with water, but less than 1% is fresh water for drinking. Fresh water is a scarce resource and is fast becoming a political issue in the developing world. MarilynWebster

3. Water cycle new words! Water given out by trees and plants Evaporation Water vapour changing back into liquid Transpiration Condensation Water falling from the sky in any form e.g rain, snow Precipitation Water changes from liquid to vapour MarilynWebster

4. Water cycle diagram Condensation: Precipitation: Evaporation: Transpiration: Ground water Condensation Precipitation Transpiration Evaporation Ground water Sea Land MarilynWebster

5. Where in the world is the water? Cairo Egypt 28mms London England 593mms Ulan Bator Mongolia 208mms New York USA 1092mms Tokyo Japan 1523 mms Los Angeles USA 381 mms Rome Italy 744mms Sydney Australia 1222mms Lima Peru 41mms Alice Springs Australia 252mms Rio de Janeiro Brazil 1082 mms Nairobi Kenya 958mms Timbuktu Mali 231mms MarilynWebster

6. Continents Europe USA Asia South America Australia Africa MarilynWebster

7. Watery facts! Around 6,000 children (enough to fill 20 jumbo jets) die every day from drinking unsafe water and not having proper sanitation (e.g toilets). Diarrhoea kills 1.8 million children under five every year, but most cases could be prevented. Within 25 years, half the world’s population could have trouble finding enough fresh water for drinking and irrigation (watering crops). MarilynWebster

8. More watery facts! • Long journeys walking to wells and rivers carrying heavy pots of water can cause exhaustion and damage to bones and joints. • More than 80 countries with 40% of the world’s population are subject to water shortages. • 1 litre of water weighs approximately 2. 2 pounds, about the same weight as a bag of sugar. Children often carry 10 litres of water on their heads over long distances. • Many women carry 40 pounds of water on their heads. MarilynWebster

9. Water quiz – True or false? • One flush of a toilet in the developed world uses as much water as the average person in the developing world uses for a whole day’s washing, cooking and drinking. TRUE MarilynWebster

10. Statement 2 • Women in Africa carry on average 20 kgs (40 pounds) of water on their heads. TRUE MarilynWebster

11. Statement 3 • People in America and the UK pay more for their water than people in developing countries FALSE MarilynWebster

12. Statement 4 • Diarrhoea kills 1.8 million children under five each year it cannot be treated. FALSE MarilynWebster

13. Statement 5 • 95% of the world’s population has a tap in their home. FALSE MarilynWebster

14. Statement 6 • Washing with soap and water can cut illnesses by more than 40%. TRUE MarilynWebster

15. Statement 7 • Within 25 years half the world’s population could have trouble finding fresh water for drinking. TRUE MarilynWebster

16. Statement 8 • On average people in the developing world use 400-500 litres of water every day. In the developed world people use on average 20 litres of water every day. FALSE MarilynWebster

17. Statement 9 • Carrying heavy loads of water over long distances will affect a woman’s health TRUE MarilynWebster

18. Statement 10 • In developing countries it is mainly the men and young boys who collect and carry the water. FALSE MarilynWebster