The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic, 1800–1812

1. Chapter 11 The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic, 1800–1812

2. Question All of the following were true of the Revolution of 1800 EXCEPT • in defeat, Adams polled more electoral strength than he had gained four years earlier. • New York voted Jeffersonian because Aaron Burr turned it to Jefferson by the narrowest of margins. • Jefferson polled the bulk of his strength in the South and West, particularly in states with universal white manhood suffrage. • the three-fifths clause of the Constitution had no effect on Jefferson’s election.

3. Answer All of the following were true of the Revolution of 1800 EXCEPT • in defeat, Adams polled more electoral strength than he had gained four years earlier. • New York voted Jeffersonian because Aaron Burr turned it to Jefferson by the narrowest of margins. • Jefferson polled the bulk of his strength in the South and West, particularly in states with universal white manhood suffrage. • the three-fifths clause of the Constitution had no effect on Jefferson’s election. (correct) Hint: See page 226.

4. Question All of the following were true of the Judiciary Act of 1801 EXCEPT • it was one of the last important laws passed by the expiring Federalist Congress. • it created sixteen new federal judgeships and other judicial offices. • President Adams remained at his desk until midnight of his last day in office, signing each of the dozens of commissions of the Federalist “midnight judges.” • Jeffersonians condemned the last-minute appointees, denouncing the trickery of the Federalists as open defiance of the people’s will.

5. Answer All of the following were true of the Judiciary Act of 1801 EXCEPT • it was one of the last important laws passed by the expiring Federalist Congress. • it created sixteen new federal judgeships and other judicial offices. • President Adams remained at his desk until midnight of his last day in office, signing each of the dozens of commissions of the Federalist “midnight judges.” (correct) • Jeffersonians condemned the last-minute appointees, denouncing the trickery of the Federalists as open defiance of the people’s will. Hint: See page 231.

6. Question All of the following were true of Marbury v. Madison EXCEPT • Marshall enhanced the authority of the Court—and slapped at the Jeffersonians in this self-denying opinion. • until this case, controversy had clouded the question of who determined Constitutionality. • Marbury v. Madison allotted that right to the individual states. • the principle of judicial review asserted that the Supreme Court alone had the last word on the question of constitutionality.

7. Answer All of the following were true of Marbury v. Madison EXCEPT • Marshall enhanced the authority of the Court—and slapped at the Jeffersonians in this self-denying opinion. • until this case, controversy had clouded the question of who determined Constitutionality. • Marbury v. Madison allotted that right to the individual states. (correct) • the principle of judicial review asserted that the Supreme Court alone had the last word on the question of constitutionality. Hint: See page 232.

8. Question All of the following were true of the Tripolitan War EXCEPT • North African Barbary Pirates blackmailed and plundered American merchant ships, forcing Federalist administrations to buy protection. • the pasha of Tripoli wanted more protection money, so he declared war on the United States. • Jefferson refused to dispatch the infant navy to the “shores of Tripoli.” • Jefferson extorted a treaty of peace from Tripoli in 1805 for $60,000—a sum representing ransom payments for captured Americans.

9. Answer All of the following were true of the Tripolitan War EXCEPT • North African Barbary Pirates blackmailed and plundered American merchant ships, forcing Federalist administrations to buy protection. • the pasha of Tripoli wanted more protection money, so he declared war on the United States. • Jefferson refused to dispatch the infant navy to the “shores of Tripoli.” (correct) • Jefferson extorted a treaty of peace from Tripoli in 1805 for $60,000—a sum representing ransom payments for captured Americans. Hint: See pages 233–234.

10. Question All of the following were true of the Louisiana Purchase EXCEPT • Jefferson instructed two envoys to buy New Orleans and as much eastern land as they could get for a maximum of $10 million. • Jefferson proposed to make an alliance with his old friend, France, against his old foe, Britain, in order to secure New Orleans. • Napoleon suddenly decided to sell all of Louisiana and abandon his dream of a New World empire. • Napoleon hoped that the United States, with Louisiana, would one day have military and naval power to thwart British New World ambitions.

11. Answer All of the following were true of the Louisiana Purchase EXCEPT • Jefferson instructed two envoys to buy New Orleans and as much eastern land as they could get for a maximum of $10 million. • Jefferson proposed to make an alliance with his old friend, France, against his old foe, Britain, in order to secure New Orleans. (correct) • Napoleon suddenly decided to sell all of Louisiana and abandon his dream of a New World empire. • Napoleon hoped that the United States, with Louisiana, would one day have military and naval power to thwart British New World ambitions. Hint: See page 234.

12. Question All of the following were true of Macon’s Bill No. 2 EXCEPT • it was passed because the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 was due to expire in 1810. • Congress dismantled the embargo completely with Macon’s Bill No. 2. • it reopened American trade with all the world except for Britain and France. • if either Britain or France repealed its commercial restrictions, America would restore its embargo against the nonrepealing nation.

13. Answer All of the following were true of Macon’s Bill No. 2 EXCEPT • it was passed because the Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 was due to expire in 1810. • Congress dismantled the embargo completely with Macon’s Bill No. 2. • it reopened American trade with all the world except for Britain and France. (correct) • if either Britain or France repealed its commercial restrictions, America would restore its embargo against the nonrepealing nation. Hint: See page 242.

14. Question War Hawks included all of the following EXCEPT • Northeastern merchants. • Southern yeoman farmers. • Western pioneers. • younger representatives eager to invade Canada.

15. Answer War Hawks included all of the following EXCEPT • Northeastern merchants. (correct) • Southern yeoman farmers. • Western pioneers. • younger representatives eager to invade Canada. Hint: See page 244.

16. Question All of the following were true of the Chesapeake Affair EXCEPT • a royal frigate overhauled a U.S. frigate, the Chesapeake, about ten miles off the coast of Virginia. • the British captain demanded the surrender of four alleged deserters. • London had never claimed the right to seize sailors from a foreign warship, but the American commander chose to surrender. • four deserters were dragged away, and the bloody hulk of the Chesapeake limped back to port.

17. Answer All of the following were true of the Chesapeake Affair EXCEPT • a royal frigate overhauled a U.S. frigate, the Chesapeake, about ten miles off the coast of Virginia. • the British captain demanded the surrender of four alleged deserters. • London had never claimed the right to seize sailors from a foreign warship, but the American commander chose to surrender. (correct) • four deserters were dragged away, and the bloody hulk of the Chesapeake limped back to port. Hint: See pages 239–240.

18. Question All of the following were true of the Embargo Act EXCEPT • it was passed over Jefferson’s urgent veto. • it forbade the export of all goods from the United States, whether in American or in foreign ships. • if it worked, the embargo would vindicate the rights of neutral nations and point to a new way of conducting foreign affairs. • the American economy staggered under the effect of the embargo long before Britain or France began to bend.

19. Answer All of the following were true of the Embargo Act EXCEPT • it was passed over Jefferson’s urgent veto. (correct) • it forbade the export of all goods from the United States, whether in American or in foreign ships. • if it worked, the embargo would vindicate the rights of neutral nations and point to a new way of conducting foreign affairs. • the American economy staggered under the effect of the embargo long before Britain or France began to bend. Hint: See page 240.

20. Question The Non-Intercourse Act • was struck down by the Supreme Court as an invasion of privacy. • strengthened the Embargo Act. • was a half-loaf substitute for the embargo. • exempted Britain and France from the embargo.

21. Answer The Non-Intercourse Act • was struck down by the Supreme Court as an invasion of privacy. • strengthened the Embargo Act. • was a half-loaf substitute for the embargo. • exempted Britain and France from the embargo. (correct) Hint: See page 242.