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Round and round…

Round and round…. Circular Motion. Circular Speed & Velocity. v. v. When objects move in a circular path, we will only consider those that have a constant speed. If speed is constant then is velocity constant? NO, VELOCITY IS ALWAYS CHANGING. v. v. Circular Speed & Velocity.

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Round and round…

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  1. Round and round… Circular Motion

  2. Circular Speed & Velocity v v • When objects move in a circular path, we will only consider those that have a constant speed. • If speed is constant then is velocity constant? • NO, VELOCITY IS ALWAYS CHANGING v v

  3. Circular Speed & Velocity • Velocity changes because the direction changes as the objects goes around the circular path. • VELOCITY IS ALWAYS TANGENTIAL TO THE CIRCULAR PATH

  4. Centripetal Acceleration In order for velocity to change direction, the object must accelerate Centripetal means: “Center Seeking” Radius

  5. The “Center-Seeking” Acceleration ac

  6. Example #1 Calculate the centripetal acceleration of a toy ball swinging with a speed of 12 meters per second on the end of a 1.44 meter long string.

  7. Example #2 Calculate the velocity of a car that experiences a centripetal acceleration of 6 meters per second2 as it moves through a turn with a radius of 5 meters.

  8. Centripetal Force • Inertia causes objects to travel STRAIGHT • Paths can be BENT by FORCES • CENTRIPETAL FORCE bends an object’s path into a CIRCLE -- pulling toward the CENTER vc , Fc , andac constantly CHANGE DIRECTION, but not MAGNITUDE

  9. The “Center-Seeking” Force Fc

  10. Calculating Fc Newton’s 2nd Law? F = ma

  11. Example #3 Calculate the centripetal force on a 2000 kilogram airplane making a turn with a radius of 1000 meters if it is moving at 300 meters per second.

  12. Example #4 How far from the center of a merry-go-round is a 500 kilogram horse that is traveling at 3 meters per second if it experiences a force of 3000 newtons?

  13. THE GRAVITRON The doors to the “Gravitron” close and it starts to spin. You are pushed against the outside edge of the ride and pinned there, You must be experiencing “centrifugal force” throwing you outward from the ride! Right? WRONG!

  14. How is this possible? As the Gravitron starts to spin, friction between your body and the ride start you moving vc Fc Once you are moving, your body wants to go STRAIGHT … but you can’t… The WALLS push you back in toward the center of the ride!

  15. SUMMARY • Compare circular SPEED & VELOCITY • How do objects change velocity in circles? • Is it constant? • Equation? • Which force causes circular motion? • Is it constant? • Equation?

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