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Python modules related to datetime

We will learn how to create current time, how to calculate the time gap and how to produce time difference? According to Python docs

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Python modules related to datetime

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  1. Copyright @ 2015 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  2. Python modules related to datetime

  3. Python DateTime modules: In this article, we will see the Python DateTime module. We will learn how to create current time, how to calculate the time gap and how to produce time difference? According to Python docs “The python DateTime module supplies classes for manipulating dates and times in both simple and complex ways”. So, python DateTime modules contain several classes. Let us discuss one by one. Python DateTimeModules — The Datetime.datetime Let us discuss the useful methods of the DateTime.datetime class. Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  4. Python DateTimeModules — The Datetime.datetime Let us discuss the useful methods of the DateTime.datetime class. Datetime.datetime.today() The Datetime.datetime.today() print the today’s date. See the example below. >>> print datetime.datetime.today() 2018–08–19 22:49:24.169000 datetime.datetime.now() The datetime.datetime.now() displays the same output as produced by the datetime.datetime.today(). >>> print datetime.datetime.now() 2018–08–19 22:49:51.541000 Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  5. But if you provide time zone then the datetime.datetime.now() returns the current time according to time zone. >>> >>> import pytz >>> pytz.utc >>> print datetime.datetime.now(pytz.utc) 2018–08–19 17:23:34.614000+00:00 If you provide the time zone information in string then interpreter throws an error. >>> print datetime.datetime.now(‘US/Eastern’) Traceback (most recent call last): File “<stdin>”, line 1, in <module> TypeError: tzinfo argument must be None or of a tzinfo subclass, not type ‘str’ >>> Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  6. datetime.strptime(date_string, format) The datetime.strptime(date_string, format) take date_string and format as argument and returns the datetime object. As shown below. >>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.strptime(“May 12 2018”, “%B %d %Y”) datetime.datetime(2018, 5, 12, 0, 0) >>> print datetime.datetime.strptime(“May 12 2018 13:03:29”, “%B %d %Y %H:%M:%S”) 2018–05–12 13:03:29 Strftime(format) The strftime(format) is used generate the formatted date from datetime object. >>> print datetime.datetime.now().strftime(“%d %b, %Y”) 22 Aug, 2018 Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  7. Ctime() Converts the seconds to a 24-character string of the following form: “Mon Jun 20 23:21:05 1994”. >>> datetime.datetime.now().ctime() ‘Thu Aug 23 00:07:28 2018’ >>> isoformat() Return a string representing the date in ISO 8601 format, ‘YYYY-MM-DD’. For example >>> datetime.datetime.now().isoformat() ‘2018–08–23T00:11:32.393000’ >>> Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  8. datetime.date Let us discuss new class datetime.date. datetime.today() The method returns today’s date. For example. >>> import datetime >>> print datetime.datetime.today() 2018–08–23 23:18:22.044000 >>> datetime.date.fromtimestamp() The method converts Unix stamp or epoch to date. For example >>> print datetime.date.fromtimestamp(0) 1970–01–01 Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  9. >>> >>> import time >>> time.time() 1535047001.754 >>> >>> print datetime.date.fromtimestamp(1535047001.754) 2018–08–23 >>> Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  10. datetime.timedelta The class datetime.timedelta is used to create time difference between two dates or times. The class DateTime.timedelta takes keyworded arguments. According to py docs All arguments are optional and default to 0. Arguments may be ints, longs, or floats, and may be positive or negative. Only days, seconds and microseconds are stored internally. Arguments are converted to those units: Let us create different-2 exercises for delta. Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  11. Let us create time delta of 10 seconds. >>> import datetime >>> delta1=datetime.timedelta(seconds=10) Subtract the time delta to the current time. >>> now1 = datetime.datetime.now() >>> now1 datetime.datetime(2018, 8, 24, 22, 53, 56, 488000) >>> print now1 2018–08–24 22:53:56.488000 Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  12. >>> print now1 — delta1 2018–08–24 22:53:46.488000 Add the time delta to the current time. >>> print now1 + delta1 2018–08–24 22:54:06.488000 >>> Let us do one complete exercise. 1. Create a Unix time means an epoch of 10 days ago. 2. Create a Unix time 10 days later. Let us do step by step >>> import datetime >>> import time Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  13. Create two deltas for time difference one for 10 days ago and one for 10 days later. >>> delta1=datetime.timedelta(days=10) >>> delta2=datetime.timedelta(days=-10) Add both the deltas to the current time. >>> now1 = datetime.datetime.now() >>> ten_days_ago = now1+delta2 >>> >>> ten_days_later = now1+delta1 >>> >>> print ten_days_ago 2018–08–14 23:09:04.861000 >>> Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  14. >>> print ten_days_later 2018–09–03 23:09:04.861000 >>> In order to remove floating point use, strftime method has been used. >>> date1 = ten_days_ago.strftime( “%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S” ) >>> date1 ‘2018–08–14 23:09:04’ By the use time module, the Unix time or epochs have been created. >>> int(time.mktime(time.strptime(date1, ‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S’) ) ) 1534268344 >>> >>> date2 = ten_days_later.strftime(“%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S”) >>> Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  15. >>> >>> int(time.mktime( time.strptime(date2, ‘%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S’) ) ) 1535996344 >>> Python Calendar module Now we’ll use calendar module to print the calendar of a particular month. In order to print a particular month, calendar.month(year, month) would be used as shown below. >>> import calendar >>> print calendar.month(2018,8) August 2018 Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  16. 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 >>> Let us print the calendar for the 2018 year. >>> import calendar >>> print calendar.calendar(2018) Consider if you want to find out whether a particular year is a leap year or not. You can use calendar.isleap(year) See the example below. >>> calendar.isleap( 2000 ) True Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  17. >>> calendar.isleap( 2001 ) False >>> calendar.isleap( 2016 ) True >>> calendar.isleap( 1992 ) Consider you want to find out the number of leap year in the range of y1 to y2. See the example below. >>> calendar.leapdays( 1992 , 2016 ) 6 >>> calendar.leapdays( 1991 , 2015 ) 6 >>> Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  18. The last year is not included in the range. Consider you might want to know the time of the different countries. By default, time-related modules return the time according to your time zone. Let see how to get the time of the different country >>> import datetime >>> import pytz Let us check the current time of ‘US/Eastern’. >>> print datetime.datetime.now(pytz.timezone(‘US/Eastern’)) 2018–08–25 14:25:34.712000–04:00 >>> Let us check the current time of India. Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  19. >>> print datetime.datetime.now(pytz.timezone(‘Asia/Kolkata’)) 2018–08–25 23:56:40.564000+05:30 If you don’t know the name of the timezone, then you can use search the timezone using the country name. >>> pytz.country_timezones.get(“NZ”) [u’Pacific/Auckland’, u’Pacific/Chatham’] >>> New Zealand has two timezones. Let us check the name of the timezone of India Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  20. >>> pytz.country_timezones.get(“IN”) [u’Asia/Kolkata’] >>> pytz.country_timezones.keys() The above line returns the list of country abbreviations as a shown example below. [u’BD’, u’BE’, u’BF’, u’BG’, u’BA’, u’BB’, u’WF’, u’BL’, u’BM’, u’BN’, u’BO’, u’BH’, u’BI’, u’BJ’, u’BT’, u’JM’, u’BW’, u’WS’, u’BQ’, u’BR’, u’BS’, u’JE’, u’BY’ So on…….] If you want to be confirmed whether ‘abbreviation IN’ belongs to India or other countries like Iran. You can use Syntax pytz.country_names.get( ‘IN’ ) >>> print (pytz.country_names.get( ‘IN’ ) ) India if you want to check all the countries and its abbreviations. Use the following piece of code. Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  21. >>> for each in pytz.country_names.iteritems(): … print each … (u’BD’, u’Bangladesh’) (u’BE’, u’Belgium’) (u’BF’, u’Burkina Faso’) (u’BG’, u’Bulgaria’) So, on. I hope you have enjoyed the Python datetime Modules Article Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

  22. For more Training Information , Contact Us Email : info@learntek.org USA : +1734 418 2465 INDIA : +40 4018 1306 +7799713624 Copyright @ 2018 Learntek. All Rights Reserved.

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