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UNIT 4 - Evolution

UNIT 4 - Evolution. What is a superbug?. Read the story and complete the table. IMPORTANT DATES. JUNE 11: FINAL (OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS) all periods JUNE 12: I won ’ t be on campus JUNE 13: FINAL (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Periods 6 and 5 JUNE 14: FINAL (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Periods 1 and 2

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UNIT 4 - Evolution

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  1. UNIT 4 - Evolution

  2. What is a superbug?

  3. Read the story and complete the table

  4. IMPORTANT DATES • JUNE 11: FINAL (OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS) all periods • JUNE 12: I won’t be on campus • JUNE 13: FINAL (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Periods 6 and 5 • JUNE 14: FINAL (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Periods 1 and 2 • JUNE 15: FINAL (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Periods 3 and 4

  5. Pick up 3 questions and share them with your group

  6. Read the following article • Write down three questions you have • Write down three main ideas about the article

  7. About antibiotics and illnesses 1. Have you ever been given an antibiotic? When? Why? Did it help? 2. For what types of illnesses will doctors prescribe antibiotics? 3. What kind of illness would antibiotics not be helpful for?

  8. IMPORTANT DATES • JUNE 11: FINAL (OPEN-ENDED QUESTIONS) all periods • JUNE 12: I won’t be on campus • JUNE 13: FINAL (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Periods 6 and 5 • JUNE 14: FINAL (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Periods 1 and 2 • JUNE 15: FINAL (MULTIPLE CHOICE) Periods 3 and 4

  9. Warm Up • Antibiotics work against bacteria. Is this statement true or false? • What does it mean that bacteria are “resistant” to antibiotics?

  10. Now watch the video and make note of any events that you think are important that happen in the video. • https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/hunting-the-nightmare-bacteria/

  11. Groups! • In your group compare notes • Agree on 4-6 important events that happened with Addie – the little girl who got sick • Put the events in order in a timeline.

  12. Making Sense • Under the making sense part of your handout – as a group record some questions you have about Addie’s case or about antibiotic resistance in general- Be prepared to share out.

  13. Conclusion Based on what you learned, what do you think made Addie so sick? Why do you think the antibiotics were not making her better?

  14. Next Steps • What questions do you have about Addie’s case?

  15. Think critically • Why do antibiotic resistant bacteria exist? • What does this have to do with evolution? • What effect will antibiotic resistant bacteria have on the human population?

  16. Bacteria and antibiotics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yybsSqcB7mE

  17. What was the main message of the video clip?

  18. What role might mutant play in the bacteria spreading over the MEGA plate?

  19. How do bacteria become resistant? • A gene encodes a protein that allows them to avoid the harmful effects of the antibiotic • Genes for resistance can emerge in a bacterial population spontaneously (genetic mutation), they can be taken from other bacteria (sharing DNA), or scientists can put genes into bacteria.

  20. Natural Antibiotic Resistance • Mutations allowing for bacteria to grow in the presence of antibiotics already exists in the bacterial population. • Not all bacterial cells within a population are identical • Like a population of humans, they all contain slight differences in their DNA Why do you think this may be a good idea for the bacteria? -survival of the fittest

  21. Can the misuse of antibiotics result in resistant bacteria? • Antibiotics are prescribed by doctors to fight bacterial infections. • Antibiotics do not treat viral infections! • How do doctors know what to prescribe? • throat, urine cultures • Why is it important to finish your prescription? • Why shouldn’t you use unfinished prescriptions from other people?

  22. Use of antibiotics • Overuse and misuse of antibiotics can promote the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Every time a person takes antibiotics, sensitive bacteria (bacteria that antibiotics can still attack) are killed, but resistant bacteria are left to grow and multiply. This is how repeated use of antibiotics can increase the number of drug-resistant bacteria https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znnp-Ivj2ek

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