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Essentials of Cultural Anthropology, Sixth Edition. Garrick Bailey James Peoples. Chapter 1, The Study Of Humanity. Subfields of Anthropology Cultural Anthropology Today Understanding Human Cultures: Anthropological Approaches The Value of Anthropology. Subfields of Anthropology.
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Essentials of Cultural Anthropology, Sixth Edition Garrick Bailey James Peoples
Chapter 1, The Study Of Humanity • Subfields of Anthropology • Cultural Anthropology Today • Understanding Human Cultures: Anthropological Approaches • The Value of Anthropology
Subfields of Anthropology • Biological (Physical) Anthropology • Archaeology • Cultural Anthropology • Anthropological Linguistics • Applied Anthropology
Biological Anthropology • PrimatologyEvolution, anatomy, social behavior and adaptation of primates. • PaleoanthropologyHow and why humans species evolved.
Biological Anthropology • Human VariationHow and why populations vary physically. • Forensic AnthropologyAnalyze and identify human remains.
Archeology • Investigating human past by excavating and analyzing material remains. • Prehistoric archaeology investigates cultures that lived before the development of writing. • Historic archaeology investigates written accounts along with historic sites.
Cultural Anthropology • The study of contemporary and historically recent human societies and cultures. • Focus on the customs and beliefs of a human group.
Objectives of Cultural Anthropology • Study how groups of humans lived. • Compare cultures to determine universal principles.
Objectives of Cultural Anthropology • Understand how dimensions of human life relate (religion, art, communication, family). • Understand cultural change. • Make the public aware of cultural differences.
Anthropological Linguistics • How is language used in social contexts? • What styles of speech do people use? • What do the labels people attach to the environment tell us about the the way they perceive the environment?
Applied Anthropology Applies research skills to human problems. • Medical anthropology - health, nutrition, social environment and cultural beliefs. • Development anthropology - helps agencies adapt projects to community needs. • Educational anthropology - deals with issues of learning and teaching.
Cultural Anthropology Today • Research is often done in urban, industrial areas. • Extended fieldwork continues to distinguish cultural anthropology from other disciplines. • Research extends across many disciplines (law, music, religion, etc.).
Anthropological Perspectives • Holistic -No dimension of culture can be understood in isolation. • Comparative - Generalizations about humans must consider the range of cultural diversity. • Relativistic -Cultures cannot be evaluated based on the standards of another culture.
Value of Anthropology • Allows us to see the development of human biology and culture over time. • Provides knowledge about human evolution, prehistoric populations, and tribal societies.
Value of Anthropology • Encourages understanding and tolerance among citizens of different nations. • Allows us to compare our lives with those of people living in different times and places.