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The Wave Nature of Light

The Wave Nature of Light. Unit 4. Wave Theory. Waves are a travelling disturbance. They carry energy from one location to another Mechanical Waves governed by Netwon’s laws require a physical medium ex. water, sound, air columns in instrument Electromagnetic Waves

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The Wave Nature of Light

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  1. The Wave Nature of Light Unit 4

  2. Wave Theory Waves are a travelling disturbance. They carry energy from one location to another • Mechanical Waves • governed by Netwon’s laws • require a physical medium • ex. water, sound, air columns in instrument • Electromagnetic Waves • can travel through a vacuum (space) at speed of light • ex. visible light, infrared, UV • Matter waves • model that amalgamates the particle and wave theories of energy and matter • e- p+ n0 all can behave like waves

  3. Two general types of waves • Transverse • particle motion is perpendicular to direction of wave velocity • Ex. light • Longitudinal • parallel • Ex. sound • SHM: oscillating source, repetitive motion • The relative position of two particles on the wave is called phase

  4. Reminder of Terms • Period (T) • The amount of time (t) it takes a wave to complete one cycle. Units: (s) • T = t/N N = # of cycles • Frequency (f) • The # of these cycles that can occur in one second. Units: Hz (cycles/s) f = N/t

  5. Reminder of Terms • Wavelength (λ) • The length of one complete cycle. Units: (m) • Amplitude • The maximum disturbance of the wave from its zero point. (+ and - )

  6. Phase Shift • See Pg 490 in text

  7. Properties of Electromagnetic Waves • Alternating oscillating electric and magnetic fields • Fields are perpendicular to each other • Vibration of E and M fields is perpendicular to the direction of the wave’s motion and .’. they are transverse waves • E and M fields vary sinusoidally in phase with each other • Travel at c in a vacuum. In other mediums, travel at different speeds, which causes refraction.

  8. Universal Wave Equationv = λf

  9. Electromagnetic Spectrum

  10. Electromagnetic waves travel through a vacuum at the speed of light, c.3.0 x 108 m/s

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