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Nonverbal Communication

Nonverbal Communication. Messages Beyond Words Chapter 5. Quiz. 1. Gesturing has little bearing on persuasiveness False 2. Cognitively complex people are better at decoding nonverbal behavior than are those who are less cognitively complex. True

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Nonverbal Communication

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  1. Nonverbal Communication Messages Beyond Words Chapter 5

  2. Quiz • 1. Gesturing has little bearing on persuasiveness • False • 2. Cognitively complex people are better at decoding nonverbal behavior than are those who are less cognitively complex. • True • 3. Most nonverbal commuication expresses feelings; most verbal communication expresses thoughts • True • 4. Appropriate touch increases liking and boosts compliance • True

  3. Quiz • 5. Which type of nonverbal communication is considered the most noticeable? • face • 6. Which messages are not conveyed by clothing? • Analytical and logical • 7. Culturally understood substituesofr verbal expressions are known as • emblems

  4. Quiz • 8. The term proxemics refers to the study of the effects of • The spatial relationship between two or more individuals • 9. Social rules may discourage us from performing some manipulators in public, but people still do so without noticing. Which of the following is not a manipulator? • Yelling at a friend • 10. What we say often conveys more meaning than what we do. • False

  5. Nonverbal Communication Defined • Nonverbal Communication are messages expressed by “nonlinguistic means” (p.175) Body Language, Gestures, Facial Expressions, Paralanguage to name a few.

  6. Nonverbal Communication • “Actions speak louder than words” • More credible and believable than verbal messages • 60 – 80% of face to face communication is nonverbal • Def.- bodily actions and vocal qualities that typically accompany a verbal message

  7. Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication • Nonverbal Skills are Important! (Poker, Romance) • ALL behavior has communicative value. What does your posture communicate to me right now? • Nonverbal Communication is mostly Relational, it is not WHAT but HOW something is communicated. • Identity Management • Defines Relationships • Conveys Emotions

  8. Characteristics • Nonverbal comm. Can be intentional or unintentional • Meaning of nonverbals is frequently ambiguous • Someone is smiling at you • Your interpretation is influenced by several factors. Nonverbal communication is influenced by culture

  9. Technology & Nonverbal Comm. • Sometimes it is difficult to communicate nonverbally through text message, emails….solution? • EMOTICONS   :/ ;) :@

  10. Functions of Nonverbal • To provide information • Creating and maintaining relationships: • We interpret others nonverbals to get clues to how they feel toward us. • At the same time we provide nonverbal cues about how we feel toward them.

  11. Functions of Nonverbal • To regulate interaction • Nonverbal regulators are cues that help control verbal interaction. • Turn-taking signals that indicate a speaker has finished talking and is ready to yield to a listener: • May use a change in pitch • Drawl on last syllable or stressed syllable at the end of a clause • Drop in vocal pitch or loudness when speaking a common expression such as “you know” • Listeners make more eye contact. When speaker seeks a response he or she signals by looking at the listener.

  12. Functions of Nonverbal • To express or hide emotion • Nonverbal communication is better at communicating feelings than content. • To present an image • We try to communicate who we want others to see us as. • To express power or control • People more likely to do our bidding when we look them directly in the eye, wear high-status clothing, and use open body postures. • Touching others (appropriately can increase compliance)

  13. Functions of Nonverbal Communication • Repeating (Saying OK with your hands and verbally) • Complementing (“I love you” in a monotone voice) • Substituting (“What’s Up” with a head nod) • Accenting (Emphasizes verbal message, “It was YOUR idea”, while pointing a finger) • Regulating (Nodding head in a conversation) • Contradicting (“I’m NOT yelling” while yelling) • Deceiving (leakage/lying; fingers crossed behind back)

  14. Influences on Nonverbal Communication • Gender Women: make more eye contact and are more vocally expressive, smile, are more animated and gesture more Men: require and give more personal space, lean forward in conversation

  15. Culture • Fun Facts • North America: No excessive gestures, eye contact important. • South/Central America: Stand close to each other when conversing, hug, or grab forearms when greeting. • Middle East: No is “nodding yes • Asia: OK in Japan is money, listening is considered respectful.

  16. JAPAN I AM ANGRY AT YOU

  17. FRANCE I DON’T BELIEVE YOU

  18. IRAN OBSCENE

  19. George Bush holding hands with King of Saudi Arabia

  20. Types of Nonverbal Communication • Face & Eyes: Most noticeable • Difficult to read • Eye contact: can indicate liking, or can actually increase or create liking • Also can be due to turn-taking, or another kind of interest (ex. Police officer “keeps an eye on” a suspect) • Servers who maintain eye contact receive higher tips • Voice (Paralanguage, “I did not say I stole the clothes”)

  21. Body Movement (kinesics) • How people communicate through body movement. • Body Orientation • Posture: How are you sitting? What does that communicate about how you feel?

  22. Body Movement Continued • Gestures: • Emblems: culturally understood substitutes for verbal expressions (US-nod for agreement) • Manipulators: A group of ambiguous gestures that consists of what we usually call fidgeting—movements in which one part of the body grooms, massages, rubs, holds, pinches, picks, or other wise manipulates another part • Often a sign of discomfort • Or that a person is at ease

  23. Haptics/Touch • Increases liking • Helps Gain Compliance • Things to Consider Acceptable places to touch others Length of touch Age- amount of touch usually decreases with age Context

  24. Physical Appearance • Children as young as three can detect physical attractiveness. • Teachers/Students more favored • Serial Killers (Ted Bundy, Scott Peterson) • Swedish Research Institute conducted a study on attractiveness…who was found to be MOST attractive?

  25. Denzel Washington

  26. Clothing/Artifacts • Economic Level • Background • Education (Doctors) • Social Background • Trustworthiness • Social Position (Crown) • Level of Success (Diamonds) • Moral Character (Priest/Nun)

  27. Proxemics/Space Edward T. Halls’ Four Distances • Intimate Space (up to 18 inches) • Personal Distance (18 inches-4 feet) • Social Distance (4-12 feet) Business • Public Distance (12 feet and beyond)

  28. Types of Nonverbal • Territoriality: • The area that serves as an extension of our physical being (territory) remains stationary. • Physical environment: • The design of a space can affect how people feel in it.

  29. Chronemics/Time • The study of how humans use and structure time. • Monochronic: Emphasizes punctuality, schedules and completing tasks on time. North America, Germany • Polychronic: Flexibility, less adherence to time. South America, Mediterranean

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