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India

India. India: Day 1. The SWBAT describe the characteristics of human societies from prehistory to the first civilizations on a unit test. The SWBAT describe the Aryan migration, the caste system and Hinduism on a reading worksheet. Warm-up 1. A. B.

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India

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  1. India

  2. India: Day 1 • The SWBAT describe the characteristics of human societies from prehistory to the first civilizations on a unit test. • The SWBAT describe the Aryan migration, the caste system and Hinduism on a reading worksheet

  3. Warm-up 1 A B • The Hindu Kush mountains were located at A or B? • The river located directly below the mountains at A was the Indus or Ganges? • Indus Valley civilization was located in present-day Iraq or Pakistan? • The ocean located at C was the Pacific or Indian? C

  4. India: Day 2 • The SWBAT compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism on a Venn Diagram

  5. Warm-up 2 • The arrows on the map show the invasion routes of the Aryans or Gupta? • The diagram shows the Aryan Caste System or the Aryan government. • According to Hinduism there are many forms of one god or no gods. • The knowledge that all thoughts and actions result in future consequences is called Dharma or Karma? 5. The Hindu belief in rebirth of the soul is called Sudra or Reincarnation? 6. The two holy books of Hinduism are the Vedas and Upanishads or the Torah and Quran?

  6. India: Day 3 • The SWBAT compare and contrast Hinduism and Buddhism on a quiz. • The SWBAT compare the geography and accomplishments of Indian civilizations on a map worksheet.

  7. Warm-up 3 • The area in pink on the map show the place where Hinduism or Buddhism began? • The founder of Buddhism is Siddhartha Gautama or Asoka? • Which religion believes in many forms of one god Hinduism or Buddhism ? 4. “Life is full of suffering.” This is one of the Four Noble Truths or Eightfold Path? 5. In order to reach enlightenment a Buddhist must follow the Way of Karma of the Eightfold Path? 6. Which emperor spread Buddhism to from India to China Chandragupta or Asoka?

  8. India: Day 4 • The SWBAT demonstrate knowledge of the geography, social structure, economy, religion and accomplishments of Indian civilizations on a test review and poster.

  9. Warm-up 4 A D • The golden age of India occurred under which civilization? • This was the first civilization to arise in India. • This civilization created the caste system. • Contributions of this civilization include the spread of Buddhism, free hospitals, vet clinics, and good roads. • The number system pictured was created under the rule of this empire. A B B C C D D

  10. India: Day 5 • The SWBAT compare the geography and accomplishments of Indian civilizations on test.

  11. Geography • Geographic barriers allowed Indian civilization to progress with few interruptions from invaders (Hindu Kush Mountains, Himalayan Mountains, Indian Ocean)

  12. The Indus and the Ganges were the most important rivers on the Indian subcontinent

  13. Indo-Aryans • Nomadic herders who migrated through passes in the Hindu Kush Mountains

  14. Khyber Pass • Aryan migration route

  15. Conquered advanced Indus River Valleycities (Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, etc.) • Put native Indians on the bottom of the caste system

  16. Moved east and built kingdoms along the Ganges River.

  17. Caste System • Rigid class system based on occupations (jobs) • People were born into their caste for life and could only move up in another life

  18. Castes • Influenced all social interactions and choice of occupations • Job • Marriage • Dress

  19. Untouchables were considered impure and existed outside the caste system.

  20. The Caste System

  21. Hinduism • Many forms of one God (Brahman) • Reincarnation • Caste system • Karma • Vedas and Upanishads Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva

  22. Brahman • Many forms of one major God. • The unifying soul in all things.

  23. Karma • Idea that all thoughts and actions result in future consequences • Influences caste, health, wealth, etc. in this life and the next • What goes around, comes around

  24. Reincarnation • Cycles of rebirth based on karma • A spirit is born again and again until moksha (perfect understanding) is achieved

  25. Vedas • Vast collection of ancient Aryan prayers, magical spells and and instructions for performing rituals • passed on orally for 1000 + years

  26. Upanishads • Dialogues between student and teacher • Explains such concepts as Brahman, karma and reincarnation

  27. Spread of Hinduism • Hinduism spread along trade routes from India to Southeast Asia

  28. Hinduism

  29. Origins of Buddhism • Buddhism was founded by Siddhartha Gautama in the part of India that borders present-day Nepal.

  30. Siddhartha Guatama • Buddha :” The Enlightened One” • Enlightenment: wisdom; a state of perfect understanding

  31. Beliefs of Buddhism • Rejects the Hindu caste system, but keeps the concepts of karma and reincarnation • Four Noble Truths • Eightfold Path

  32. Four Noble Truths • Life is full of suffering • The cause of suffering is desire • The way to end suffering is to end desire • To end desire, one must follow the Eightfold Path

  33. Eightfold Path • The Middle Way between desires and self-denial •    right intentions, right concentration, right view, right speech, right effort, right action,right livelihood, right mindfulness

  34. •   By following the path one can reach Nirvana (release from selfishness and pain)

  35. Buddhism: The Middle Way

  36. Spread of Buddhism • Mahayana Buddhism spread to China, Korea, and Japan • Theravada spread to SE Asia and Sri Lanka

  37. Religions of East Asia • Colored areas represent predominant religions today • Buddhist ideals eventually became absorbed into the Hindu religion in India

  38. Mauryan Empire: Asoka • Asoka and other Mauryan emperors unified much of India

  39. After uniting most of India by force, Asoka became weary of war, converted to Buddhism, and renounced violence.

  40. Asoka’s Contributions • Asoka’s missionaries and their writings spread Buddhism throughout India and to China and other parts of Asia

  41. Free hospitals • Veterinary clinics • Good roads

  42. Asoka’s Elephant Warriors

  43. India’s Faithful

  44. Gupta Empire • Golden age of classical Indian culture

  45. Golden Age • a period of peace and prosperity and a flourishing of arts, literature and learning

  46. Gupta DynastyContributions • Mathematics - number system that provided the basis for modern numerals (Arabic numerals) - included zero - base 10 - place value and decimals

  47. Literature -Kalidasa -Tamil poets

  48. Astronomy (concept of the earth as round)

  49. Medical Advances (set broken bones) • Vaccines

  50. Sugarcane

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