El presente perfecto

1. El presente perfecto Español III Capítulo 4

2. ¿Qué es el presente perfecto? Thepresentperfectis tense formedbycombining a helpingverb (“have” or “has”) withthepastparticiple

3. Por ejemplo… • For example: • I have played tennis. • She has sung at weddings. • We have flown in a plane.

4. Para formar en inglés • Toformthepresentperfectwe combine thehelpingverb “have/has” with a pastparticiple • Forexample, “I havebeen a lifeguard.” • “I” isthesubject • “have” isthehelpingverb • “been” isthepastparticiple

5. Para formar en español • In Spanishweformthepresentperfectbycombiningthepresent tense of theverbhaber (thehelpingverb, orel verbo auxiliar)with a pastparticiple • Forexample: • Yo he bailado. I havedanced. • Nosotros no hemos estudiado para el examen. Wehaven’tstudiedforthe test.

6. The present tense of haber

7. Remember… How to form the past participle: • For –ar verbs, take the stem of the verb and add –ado Example: comprar → comprado • For –er and –ir verbs, take the stem of the verb and add –ido Example: tener → tenido

8. Para formar… Here are the present perfect forms of estudiar:

9. Para formar… As you can see I have combined the present forms of haber (the helping verbs)

10. …with the past participle of estudiar

11. Now you try… On a sheet of paper, see if you can figure out the present perfect forms for the verb hablar:

12. Is this what you came up with?

13. Now let’s try an –er verb See if you can come up with the present perfect forms for comer:

14. Is this what you came up with?

15. Let’s try another one…see if you can come up with the present perfect tense of ir:

16. Is this what you came up with?

17. Many of you may have assumed that ir had an irregular past participle. Afterall, it does have an irregular present participle. But ir is actually regular in this tense. Here are some verbs that are irregular in the past participle:

18. Not exactly irregular but… -er and –ir verbs whose stems end in a vowel have past participles ending in –ído caer → caído creer → creído leer → leído oír → oído reír → reído traer → traído

19. Irregulars The following verbs have irregular past participles ending in –to: abrir → abierto cubrir → cubierto descubrir → descubierto escribir → escrito morir → muerto poner → puesto romper → roto ver → visto volver → vuelto

20. More irregulars These verbs have irregular past participles ending in –cho: decir → dicho hacer → hecho

21. ¡Practicamos! Seeifyou can formthecorrectpresentperfectusingthesubject and verbgiven. Modelo: yo / decidir → He decidido 1. ella / abrir Ha abierto 2. Marta y yo / tocar Hemos tocado 3. Gonzalo / crecer Ha crecido

22. 4. Tú y tus amigos / reír Han reído 5. Mis padres / hacer Han hecho 6. Tus abuelos / decir la verdad Han dicho la verdad 7. Rogelio y Ramón / escribir Han escrito

23. .

24. Persona de misterio: Uds. escriben Mystery Person Activity. In groups of 2-3, write 6-8 clues about a famous person or character in Spanish. Tell us things the person/character has done, using the present perfect tense. Write the clues on construction paper. When finished, hang the posters around the class. Class members will read and try to identity the people/characters.