Andrew Jackson: 1767 - 1845

1. Andrew Jackson: 1767 - 1845 “I was born for a storm. Calm does not suit me.”

2. Andrew JacksonMarch 15, 1767- June 8, 1845 • Born in South Carolina • Orphan, born into poverty • First President from common people and not aristocrat • Moved to Tennessee to practice law • Builds home (Hermitage) and marries Rachel (scandal) • 7th President of the U.S.

3. Jackson’s First Hermitage Residence

4. National Republicans Fed. Gov’t should take leadership role Should support internal improvements In favor of National Bank Tended to be middle-class or well-established Jacksonian Democrats Fed. Gov’t should remain inactive Individual states should be responsible for improvements Against National Bank Tended to be slave-holders, small farmers and working class National Republicans v. Jacksonian Democrats

5. Why Increased Democratization? • White male suffrage increased • New laws make it easier • Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors. • Rise of Third Parties. • Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.) • Two-party system returned in the 1832 election: • Dem-Reps  Natl. Reps.(1828)  Whigs (1832)  Republicans (1854) • Democrats (1828)

6. The “Common Man’s”Presidential Candidate • Campaigned as reformer • Promised to root out corruption • Number of voters tripled • Lost election in 1824 despite having more popular vote

7. 1828 Election Results

8. “General Jackson will be here about 15 February… Nobody knows what he will do, when he does come… My opinion is that when he comes, he will bring a breeze with him. Which way it will blow, I cannot tell. He will either go with the party,… or else, he will… be President upon his own strength… My fear is stronger than my hope.”Daniel Webster 1/17/1829

9. Essential Question: Champion of the “Common Man”? “King”Andrew? OR

10. “Wild” inauguration – Man of the people Jacksonian Democracy: Common people voting Supported the Spoils System Patronage: Giving jobs to friends & supporters “Spoils of War” Jackson as President

11. Spoils System

12. 1832 Tariff Conflict • 1828 --> “Tariff of Abomination” • Tax on imports to boost American manufacturing • 1832 --> new tariff • South Carolina’s reaction? • Nullify- State’s Rights • Threaten to Secede • Jackson’s response? • Force Bill (military action to enforce) • Clay’s “Compromise” Tariff? • Congress reduced tax on imports and SC canceled nullification

13. Jackson distrusted banks Vetoes re-charter of bank Bank War

14. An 1832 Cartoon: “KingAndrew”?

15. The Reign of “King Mob”

16. Jackson's Native-American Policy

17. Jackson’s Professed “Love” forNative Americans

18. Native Americans

19. Black Hawk War- Black Hawk tries to lead Indians back to Illinois Retreats to Wisconsin Second Seminole War: Osceola tries to keep land in Florida Indian Uprisings

20. Indian Removal Act: Authorized President to give Native Americans land in parts of the Louisiana Purchase in exchange for land taken from them in the East. 5 Civilized Tribes: Cherokee, Chickasaw, Creek, Choctaw, and Seminole Indian Crisis

21. 5 Civilized Tribes

22. Indian Removal • Jackson’s Goal? • 1830 Indian Removal Act • Cherokee Nation v. GA(1831)* “domestic dependent nation” • Worcester v. GA(1832) • Jackson:John Marshall has made his decision, now let him enforce it!

23. Indian Removal

24. Assimilated Gold found in Georgia Georgia seizes Cherokee lands “Trail of Tears”: Westward journey to Oklahoma. 1 of 4 Cherokee die Cherokee Resistance

25. The Cherokee Nation After 1820

26. Trail of Tears (1838-1839)

27. Trail of Tears

28. Photo of Andrew Jackson in 1844(one year before his death) 1767 - 1845

29. Martin Van Buren (Jackson’s VP) Financial depression Unpopular William Henry Harrison & John Tyler Harrison dies of pneumonia Whigs abandon Tyler Jackson’s Successors

30. On January 30, 1835, a mentally disturbed man named Richard Lawrence fired two different guns at Jackson from point-blank range. Both weapons failed to fire. The odds of this happening were put at 1:125,000. Jackson then chased after Lawrence and beat him with his cane. At his funeral in 1845, his pet parrot had to be removed because it was swearing! Jackson was the only President to have been held as a prisoner of war. This was during the Revolutionary War. Jackson was only 13 years old. Anyone could come to Andrew Jackson's public parties at the White House, and just about everyone did! At his last one, a wheel of cheese weighing 1,400 lbs. was eaten in two hours. The White House smelled of cheese for weeks. Andrew Jackson Trivia

31. Van Buren was the first president born after the Declaration of Independence was signed. He was the first president born as a citizen of the U.S. The term "It's O.K." came from Van Buren, who grew up in Kinderhook, New York. After he went into politics, he became known by the nickname "Old Kinderhook." Soon people were saying "Is it OK?" referring to Van Buren, and the word okay was derived. Van Buren owned two tiger cubs as pets. When he was Vice President, he presided over the Senate with loaded pistols! Martin Van Buren Trivia

32. William Henry Harrison was the first president to die in office, about 32 days after he was elected. Tyler was playing marbles when he learned that he was to be President. John Tyler was the President to have the most children. He had 15. John Tyler joined the Confederacy twenty years after he was in office and became the only President named a sworn enemy of the United States. Tyler's second wife initiated the practice of playing "Hail to the Chief" whenever a president appears in public.http://memory.loc.gov/cocoon/ihas/loc.natlib.ihas.100010434/default.html William H. Harrison & John Tyler Trivia