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BOP War Crimes: Examples Objective: Examine the Nuremberg Trials and the Geneva Conventions.

BOP War Crimes: Examples Objective: Examine the Nuremberg Trials and the Geneva Conventions. . The End of WWII. Gen. Tojo - Tried as a war criminal and executed by the Allies (hanging) Mussolini – executed by his own people. The Nuremberg Trials.

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BOP War Crimes: Examples Objective: Examine the Nuremberg Trials and the Geneva Conventions.

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  1. BOP War Crimes: Examples Objective: Examine the Nuremberg Trials and the Geneva Conventions.

  2. The End of WWII • Gen. Tojo - Tried as a war criminal and executed by the Allies (hanging) • Mussolini – executed by his own people

  3. The Nuremberg Trials

  4. Comprised of 13 Trials from 1945 to 1949 • Trial – determination of a person’s guilt or innocence by due process of law • Prosecution – Accuses the person of criminal wrong-doing • Defendant – Person accused of a crime • Judge – Public official who hears the evidence and administrates justice • Evidence –witness accounts, photographs, documents which serve to prove the facts of a legal case • War Crime – Violation of internationally accepted practices related to armed conflict (see Geneva Conventions)

  5. Defendants: • Nazi party officials • High ranking military officers • Lawyers • Doctors • Industrialists • Hess, Ribbentrop, Göring

  6. Chief Prosecutor • Robert Jackson • US Supreme Court Justice

  7. The Judges • United States • Justice Biddle and Justice Parker • Britain • Justice Lawrence and Justice Birkett • France • Justice Donnedieu de Vabres and Justice Falco • USSR • Justice Nikichenko and Justice Volkov

  8. Charges • Conspiracy to wage aggressive war • Crimes against peace • War crimes • Crimes against humanity

  9. Evidence • Witness and survivor testimony • Nazi records • Film footage and photographs

  10. Outcome of the Trial • 18 defendants found guilty • 10 were hanged, cremated at Dachau, and their ashes were scattered • 1 took a poison pill • 7 received prison sentences (10 years to life imprisonment) • 3 defendants acquitted (not guilty)

  11. What Were the Medical Experiments that were conducted in concentration camps? • Experiments on twins • Mustard Gas • Sterilization • Bomb and explosives experiments on human bodies • Genetic tests • Poison • Dyes • Transplants

  12. International Law • This was the first time that the international community prosecuted leaders of a nation for war crimes • International law changed forever after Nuremberg • Before Nuremberg, war crimes did not exist and were not punishable.

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