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Standard Template Library (STL)

Standard Template Library (STL). EECE 351 Spring 2000 Lecture # 23. Overview. What STL is How to use it 2 things that would be good to know: vector string Lab Vector palindrome recognizer What we know Where we are going. STL What it is.

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Standard Template Library (STL)

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  1. Standard Template Library (STL) EECE 351 Spring 2000 Lecture # 23 EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  2. Overview • What STL is • How to use it • 2 things that would be good to know: • vector • string • Lab • Vector palindrome recognizer • What we know • Where we are going EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  3. STLWhat it is • STL is a list of header files (and a library [*.lib] of their implementation). • A wonderful thing! • Because STL uses templates, their items can be anything (ints, floats, chars, etc.). • Aside from data structures: • Linked lists, stacks, queues, etc. (containers) • They also provide algorithms: • Search, sort, etc. EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  4. STL What it is (cont.) • Another great thing they give us is the string class. • More powerful than char*. • We also have something called namespaces. • This allows us to declare two items with the same name in the same program. (See handout.) • To use STL, we need to use different header files. • And say we are using a namespace. EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  5. STL How to use it • For example: • #include <iostream.h> • Becomes: • #include <iostream> • using namespace std; • Mixing these two causes problems, as we will see. • Then we declare objects (or pointers) to use. EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  6. STL – 2 Great thingsVector • Storage class • Dynamically grows/shrinks • Has its own member functions: • size – returns the number of elements. • push_back – places given item into array. • pop_back – removes last element. • Each element is accessed like an array. • Review handout. EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  7. STL – 2 Great thingsString • Similar to char* • Much, much, more powerful • Has a lot more functionality: • Operators • += (add 2 strings together), [] (array indexing), etc. • Functions • Length (return # of items in string) • c_str (converts string to char*) • Many more (review handout.) EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  8. Lab • Some of your classmates convinced me to not assign another homework. • Gives you time to: • Resub the ones you have already done. • Work on the project! • Use this time wisely!!! • You should examine the code and attempt the following activities. • First, change <fstream> to <fstream.h>. • Note errors: EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  9. Labcont. • Comment #pragma line. • Comment using namespace std; line. • Make n2 = vStrings.size() [take out the "-1"]. What semantic error is produced? Why? • Alter the input file. Can you find a setup that doesn’t work? • Moving EOF doesn’t count! EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  10. What we know • STL • Lab – Vector palindrome recognizer EECE 351 – Lecture 23

  11. Where we are going • Software Engineering: • No Silver Bullets • Your chance to evaluate me!! • Uh-oh!!!! • Quiz & Project questions • Final Review • The Exam • Summer!!! EECE 351 – Lecture 23

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